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Voltaire - The Anti-Religion Deist who Admired the Prophet Muhammad(saw)
Well, the case of Voltaire is quite fascinating, especially in light of how various Islamophobes like to quote Voltaire demeaning Islam and Muhammad(saw). Not many people in the english speaking world know the facts I write below, as many (especially Islamophobes) are under the belief that Voltaire was hostile towards every religion/religious figure.
Voltaire was a French enlightenment writer, historian and philosopher. He was famous for his wit, anti-Theism/religion and for his advocacy of civil liberties. He used to hate Muhammad(pbuh) and wrote a lot of bigotry towards him. As you may see some Islamophobes quote;
But that a camel-merchant should stir up insurrection in his village; that in league with some miserable followers he persuades them that he talks with the angel Gabriel; that he boasts of having been carried to heaven, where he received in part this unintelligible book, each page of which makes common sense shudder; that, to pay homage to this book, he delivers his country to iron and flame; that he cuts the throats of fathers and kidnaps daughters; that he gives to the defeated the choice of his religion or death: this is assuredly nothing any man can excuse, at least if he was not born a Turk, or if superstition has not extinguished all natural light in him.
- (Voltaire - Referring to Muhammad, in a letter to Frederick II of Prussia (December 1740), published in Oeuvres complčtes de Voltaire, Vol. 7 (1869), edited by Georges Avenel, p. 105)
And now heres the interesting part - His views changed and evolved as he learned more about the Islam and Muhammad(pbuh), as he was quoted (in his later works) writing this about Muhammad (upon whom be peace);
Of all the legislators and conquerors, there are none whose life was written with greater authenticity and in more detail by their contemporaries than was than of Mahomet. EM, vol 1, page 255.
He is admired for having turned himself from a camel merchant to a pontiff, a legislator and monarch, for having united Arabia, which had never been united before him, and for having made the Roman Empire tremble for the first time. De lAlcoran et de Mahomet, page 340.
His definition of God is of a more truly sublime sort. Notes marginales, vol. 4, page 664.
[Taken from The Enlightenment Quran: The Politics of Translation and the Construction of Islam by Ziad Elmarsafy.]
His religion is wise, strict, chaste, and human: wise, because it doesnt fall in the foolishness of associating any idea to God, and because it doesnt have any mystery; strict, because it forbids gambling, wine and alcohol, and commends to pray five times a day, chaste, because it limits to a maximum of four a number of wives that was previously numerous like it is so common in the bed of all princes of the Orient, human, because it commands charity even more strongly than the pilgrimage to Mecca itself. Add to this all the character of truth and tolerance.
- [ Il faut prendre un parti » (1772), dans uvres complčtes de Voltaire, Voltaire, éd. Moland, 1875, t. 28, chap. 23-Discours dun Turc, p. 547]
To give more of an overview -
Evolving views of Islam and its prophet, Muhammad, can be found in Voltaires writings. In a letter recommending his play Fanaticism, or Mahomet to Pope Benedict XIV, Voltaire described the founder of Islam as the founder of a false and barbarous sect and a false prophet,[32] a view he revised upon further research for his Essai sur les Moeurs et lEsprit des Nations. [Source]
In the essay on morals , Voltaire makes a judgment almost entirely favorable about Muhammad and show full of praise for the Muslim civilization and Islam as a rule of life 3 . It thus compares the genius of the Arab people to genius of the ancient Romans four and wrote that in our centuries of barbarism and ignorance, following the decline and tearing of the Roman Empire, we received almost all of the Arab astronomy, chemistry, medicine, 5 and that in the second century of Muhammad, it was necessary that the Christians of the West among Muslims instruisissent 6
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Eshte shum e leht te shash Islamin kur nuk e njeh fare, mirepo ne momentin qe fillon ta njohes madje edhe Islamophobi(Volteri) me i madh tregoi respekt, dhe nje kthes te madhe ne shkrimet e tija me te vonshme.
Dhe si c'thote Allahu ne kuranin famelarte.
Ata duan ta shuajnė dritėn e All-llahut me gojėt e tyre, po All-llahu e plotėson (e pėrhap) dritėn e vet, edhe pse e urrejnė jobesimtarėt.(Saf:8)
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