Falminderit prej Zotit,Qe nuke jom si ata e asi ju qe mendoni.
Falminderit prej Zotit,Qe nuke jom si ata e asi ju qe mendoni.
Ne jemi mbledhur ne kete thread, pėr tė diskutuar njė perceptive, inteligjent, trim, i pavarur grua, tė cilėt mbi 100 vjet mė parė udhėtoi nė Ballkan vetėm, dhe zbuloi njė popull tė shquar qė ajo i dokumentuar nė njė numėr tė librave. Ju vini kėtu postimi ato foto. Ēfarė dreqin ėshtė problemi juaj? Nėse ju nuk mund tė kontribuojnė nė kėtė temė -. goditur nė rrugė, Jack, dhe nuk u kthye.
Ndryshuar pėr herė tė fundit nga FreeByrd : 13-05-2011 mė 15:24
We are the part of the Cosmos that discovered and understands its unfolding story
The Tale of the Mirdite woman.
"High Albania" by Edith Durham
The Mirdite woman was sent down from the mountains and married to a Scutarene. She dwelt with him in Scutari, and bore him two sons. Now the brother of the woman was a sworn foe to the Turks, plundering and slaying them whenever chance allowed. And they outlawed him and put a price upon his head. But he feared no man, and would come at night into the town to sup with his sister and return safely ere dawn. The Turks heard this, and went to the woman's husband with a bag of gold–two hundred Turkish pounds–and tempted him. He had never before seen so much gold. And they said, "It is thine when thou tellest us that thy brother-in-law is here."
On a certain night the outlaw came down from the mountains to the house, and, as is the custom, he disarmed in token of peace. Scarcely had he given up his pistols, gun, and yataghan, when the Turkish soldiers rushed in and slew him, helpless.
His sister, weeping in wild despair, went back with his body to the mountains of Mirdita, singing the death-wail. And they buried him with his people. She came back, still mourning, to her home. And lo! Her husband was counting gold upon his knees. She looked at it and asked him, "Whence comes this gold?"
Then he was afraid, for he saw in her eyes that she knew it was the price of her brother's blood. And he spoke her softly, saying: "All knew of thy brother's coming. If he did not wish to lose his life, why came he? Sooner or later the Turks would have slain him. It is better that we have the gold than another."
But she answered not. Then he told her of the much good that the gold would buy, and she answered "Aye" dully–as one that speaks in sleep. But ever she heard the cry of her brother's blood. And when it was midnight and all was still, she arose and took her dead brother's yataghan. She called on God to strengthen her arm–she swung it over her sleeping husband and she hewed the head from off his body. Then she looked at her two sleeping children. "Seed of a serpent," she cried, "ye shall never live to betray your people!" and them too she slew. And she fled with the bloody yataghan into the night and into the mountains of Mirdita.
It is an old tale. I cannot fix its date. In its raw simplicity it is monumental, and embodies all that there is of tribal instinct and the call of blood.
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Pėrrallė e gruas nga Mirdita
"High Albania" nga Edith Durham
Gruaja e Mirditės ėshtė zbritur nga malet dhe i martuar me njė Scutarene. Ajo banonte me tė nė Shkodėr, dhe i lindi dy djem. Tani vėllai i gruas ishte njė armik i betuar pėr plaēkitjen turqit, dhe vrasjen e tyre sa herė qė shans tė lejuara. Dhe ata e nxjerrė jashtė ligjit atė dhe tė vendos njė ēmim mbi kokėn e tij. Por kishte frikė asnjė njeri, dhe do tė vijė nė mbrėmje nė qytet tė hajė me tė motrėn e tij dhe kthimin e agimit tė sigurtė ere. Turqit dėgjuar kėtė, dhe shkoi tek burri me njė qese me ari-dyqind turk pounds-dhe joshur atė. Ai kurrė nuk kishte parė mė parė kaq shumė tė arta. Dhe ata thanė: "Kjo ėshtė jotja kur na thua se yt-kunati ėshtė kėtu."
Nė njė natė tė caktuar dėbuar zbriti nga malet nė shtėpi, dhe, siē ėshtė zakon, ai e ēarmatos nė shenjė tė paqes. Zor se kishte hequr dorė nga pistoleta e tij, armė, dhe jatagan, kur ushtarėt turq nxituan nė dhe e vrau, i pafuqishėm.
Motra e tij, duke qarė nė dėshpėrim tė egėr, u kthye me trupin e tij nė malet e Mirditės, tė kėnduarit me vdekje-kujė. Dhe e varrosėn bashkė me njerėzit e tij. Ajo erdhi pėrsėri, ende zi, nė shtėpinė e saj. Dhe ja! Burri i saj ishte i numėruar ari mbi gjunjėt e tij. Ajo e shikoi atė dhe e pyeti, "Prej nga vjen ky ar?"
Atėherė ai u frikėsua, pėr ai e pa nė sytė e saj qė ajo e dinte se ishte ēmimi i gjakut tė vėllait tė saj. Dhe ai foli e saj me zė tė ulėt, duke thėnė:.?. "Tė gjithė e dinin e vėllait tėnd qė vijnė qoftė se ai nuk dėshiron tė humbasė jetėn e vet, pse erdhi ai Herėt ose vonė turqit do tė kishin vrarė atė Ėshtė mė mirė qė ne kemi ari sesa njė tjetėr . "
Por ajo nuk u pėrgjigj. Atėherė ai i tha asaj tė shumė mirė se ari do tė blejė, dhe ajo u pėrgjigj: "Aye" si duhet, si njė qė flet nė gjumė. Por ndonjėherė ajo dėgjon britmėn e gjakut tė vėllait tė saj. Dhe kur ajo ishte mesnatė dhe tė gjitha ishte ende, ajo u ngrit dhe mori jatagan vėllait tė saj tė vdekur. Ajo bėri thirrje pėr Perėndinė pėr tė forcuar krahun e saj, ajo e nxorrėn atė mbi burrin e saj tė fjetur dhe ajo preu kokėn nga jashtė trupit tė tij. Pastaj ajo shikoi dy fėmijėt e saj tė fjetur. "Farėn e njė gjarpėr," bėrtiti ajo, "ju do tė jetojė kurrė pėr tė tradhtuar popullin tėnd!" dhe ata shumė ajo vrau. Dhe ajo iku me jatagan pėrgjakshme nė natėn dhe nė malet e Mirditės.
Kjo ėshtė njė pėrrallė e vjetėr. Unė nuk mund tė caktohet data e saj. Nė thjeshtėsinė e saj tė para ajo ėshtė monumentale, dhe mishėron instinkt fisnor dhe thirrjen e gjakut.
So the question is do Albanians feel as strongly today about betrayal and revenge?
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Pra, pyetja ėshtė bėrė shqiptarėt tė ndjehen si fort sot pėr tradhėti dhe hakmarrje?
Ndryshuar pėr herė tė fundit nga FreeByrd : 06-06-2011 mė 01:15
We are the part of the Cosmos that discovered and understands its unfolding story
This photograph is taken from Edith Durham's book, "Through the Land of the Serb" (published in 1904)
This fierce looking Gheg Mountaineer. What tribe is he from ?
PS
I bet he doesn't take any shit from anybody.
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Kjo fotografi ėshtė marrė nga libri i Edith Durham-it, "nėpėr vendin e serb" (botuar nė vitin 1904)
Kjo ashpėr Alpinisti kėrkim gege. Ēfarė fisi ėshtė ai nga?
PS
Vė bast se ai nuk ka marrė asnjė *** nga dikush.
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Ndryshuar pėr herė tė fundit nga FreeByrd : 04-08-2011 mė 15:14
We are the part of the Cosmos that discovered and understands its unfolding story
You have to understand one thing, during the occupation by the Ottoman empire we Albanian's and especially those highlander's lived a life with a law that was from middle ages "Canon of Leka Dukagjini" (the last resistance prince from Scanderbeg era) who had it's advantages for the period when it was first applied but had also disadvantages for modern time when the E.Durrham was visiting the the Highland's of Albania, which was still in use. That's why for people talking about life and death was a usual thing.
Ndryshuar pėr herė tė fundit nga yllbardh : 04-08-2011 mė 20:30
Shqiptari qė derdhė gjak shqiptari nuk meriton tė quhet shqiptarė
Edith Durham said..........
The Canon of Lek was still obeyed because the Ottoman Empire with all their military might and occupying troops could not tame the wild mountain tribes who were armed and dangerous.
When you study the history and culture of the Albanians you realize the Canon of Lek transcends the Bible or Koran. Think about that. A code of human behavior for a particular people, the Albanians is more important than the words of Jesus or Muhammad.
To me the importances of the Canon of Lek and the amazing lack of religious fanaticism from Catholics, Muslims and Orthodox is what separates the fierce Albanian tribes from other dangerous people like Chechens, Pashtun and Montenegrins.
Even in 2011 there is evidence that blood feuds and the Canon are still an important part of the lives of many Albanians.
__________________________________________________ __
Edith Durham tha ..........
Kanuni i Lekė iu bind ende pėr shkak tė Perandorisė Osmane me tė gjithė fuqinė e tyre ushtarake dhe trupave pushtuese nuk mund tė zbutur fiset e egra malore tė cilėt ishin tė armatosur dhe tė rrezikshėm.
Kur ju studioni historinė dhe kulturėn e shqiptarėve ti e kupton Kanuni i Lekė kapėrcen Bibla apo Kurani. Mendoni pėr kėtė. Njė kod i sjelljes njerėzore pėr njė popull tė veēantė, shqiptarėt ėshtė mė e rėndėsishme se sa fjalėt e Jezusit apo Muhamedit.
Pėr mua importances e Kanuni i Lekė dhe mungesa e fanatizmit fetar tė mahnitshme nga katolikėt, myslimanėt dhe ortodokse ėshtė ajo qė ndan fiset e ashpėr shqiptar nga njerėzit e tė tjera tė rrezikshme si ēeēenėt, Pashtun dhe malazezė.
Edhe nė 2011 nuk ka dėshmi se gjakmarrjes dhe Canon janė ende njė pjesė e rėndėsishme e jetės sė shumė shqiptarėve.
We are the part of the Cosmos that discovered and understands its unfolding story
Yllbardh, mė mirė e kuptoka rėndėsinė dhe peshėn e Kanunit, pėr civlizimin shqiptar, dhe atė mesdhetar FreeByrd, qė ėshtė i jashtėm se sa ti si shqiptar.
Shihe ēfarė paralelesh mahnitėse tėrheq:
Kanuni i Lekės ėshtė feja e parė e kodifikuar e pellgut tė mesdheut. Madhėshtia e kėsaj doktrine filozofiko-shoqėrore ėshtė se gjatė tėrė ekzistencės sė vet mijėravjeēare nuk pati njė njeri tė caktuar e madje as njė grup tė caktuar njerėzish qė patėn mandat pėr ta garantuar zbatimin e tij, siē ndodh sot me doktrinat bashkėkohore,When you study the history and culture of the Albanians you realize the Canon of Lek transcends the Bible or Koran. Think about that. A code of human behavior for a particular people, the Albanians is more important than the words of Jesus or Muhammad.
Zbatimin e Kanunit tė Lekės e garantonte ēdo njeri i shėndoshė dhe krenar, pavarėsisht statusit shoqėror, prandaj kjo fe nuk qe fe e drejtėsisė njerėzore, qė varej nga vullneti dhe dėshira e disa njerėzve, por qe fe e drejtėsisė hyjnore nė shėrbim tė lirisė dhe krenarisė sė tė gjithė njerėzve.
Ndryshuar pėr herė tė fundit nga tomaras : 10-08-2011 mė 04:43
"It is a miracle that curiosity survives formal education."
Albert Einstein
tomaras, gjithherė kam shprehi qė kur diskutoj me dikėn pėr herė tė parė, dhe zakonisht kur ky dikush ėshtė i huaj, qė tė shprehem sa mė thjeshtė qė ėshtė e mundur duke pasur si bazė mosnjohjen e diturisė rreth ēėshtjes sė diskutimit me personin nė fjalė.
Sepse edhe pse dihet shumė mirė prejardhja e kanunit tė Lekės prapė se prapė, Leka bėri pėrmbledhjen dhe pėrshtatjen sipas kushteve tė kohės dhe pėr herė tė parė u vu nė pėrdorim nė kėtė formė qė ne e njohim kanunin gjatė kohės sė Lekės.Postuar mė parė nga tomaras
Shqiptari qė derdhė gjak shqiptari nuk meriton tė quhet shqiptarė
The rest of the world turned their backs on the Albanians. Not Edith Durham. She had traveled and lived among the Gheg tribes of northern Albania. As game and independent as the people she described in her books Edith Durham protested. She reminded me of Tennessee Congressman and frontier hero, David Crockett, standing in the US Congress alone crying out against President Andrew Jackson's Policy of removing the Cherokee Indians from their homeland in 1829. Its tragic but heroic how one person can see injustice when the rest of the world is blind.
In 1941, following the Italian occupation of Albania, Durham published the following overview of Albania in the ‘Proceedings of the Royal Institution of Great Britain,’ typical of her passionate involvement in Albania's fate. As the most renowned figure of Albanian studies in twentieth-century Britain, she died at her home in London on 15 November 1944, two weeks before the Communist takeover of Albania.
I would plead for justice for one of the oldest and now one of the most unfortunate peoples of Europe. Sympathy is warm for the Poles but the Albanians, who have suffered yet more brutal dismembership at the hands of their more powerful neighbours, are now the battlefield of two rival Powers and threatened with annihilation in a quarrel which is not their own.
The Albanians are descended from the tribes who dwelt in prehistoric times along the Western side of the Balkan peninsula - the Illyrians and the Epirots - before the arrival of either Romans or Slavs. They were not and are not Greeks.
Strabo, writing about the beginning of the Christian era, gives details which show that their tribal system resembled that which has existed until recent times. He states that the frontier of the Greeks was south of the Ambracian Gulf, now the Gulf of Arta. That is further south than today. Albanian territory was taken by the Greeks in 1913. The Illyrians and the Epirots are now known as the Ghegs and Tosks. They speak the same language, have the same customs and form a united nation.
When Rome conquered the Balkan peninsula, Christianity reached the Adriatic coast and Illyria formed part of the Patriarchate of Rome. When the decline and fall of the Roman Empire began, Roman rule was replaced by Slav rule, the peninsula was invaded by the ancestors of the modern Serbs and for a short time in the Middle Ages they ruled a large part of it.
A contemporary account by the Dominican, Father Brocardus, 1331, shows the Abbanois, as he calls them, speaking their own language, clinging to their Church and ‘very harshly oppressed’ by their conquerors. The laws enacted by the Serb Tsar, Stefan Dushan, in 1349 show that they were classed as herdsmen serfs. The Serb Empire was short-lived. At its greatest, it lasted but 25 years, the reign of Stefan Dushan. On his death, the conquered peoples and rival chieftains speedily broke it up and the inrush of the Turks destroyed it completely. Meanwhile the Venetians had crept down the coast. Albanian chieftains rose to power in the mountains; together with the Venetians, they long defended Scutari which finally fell in 1478. But the Albanians were the last of the Balkan peoples to be subdued. Led by their great hero Skenderbeg, famed as the Champion of Christendom, they offered a magnificent resistance from his stronghold at Kruja. On his death of the fever in 1467, they were leaderless and forced to accept Turkish suzerainty. Their position differed from that of the other conquered peoples as they retained a semi-independence under their own chiefs. Race instinct, that blind unreasoning instinct of self-preservation, drove them against their old oppressor and they sided with the Turks in the endeavour to expel the Serbs. The position of the Serbs in the Kosovo district was made untenable. Led by the Bishop of Ipek, they migrated en masse into lands in Hungary allotted them by the Emperor. The Albanians re-occupied the lands from which their ancestors had been evicted and retained them till 1913.
Turning Moslem in considerable numbers, the courage and intelligence of the Albanians enabled them to rise high in the Turkish army and Government. As did the Roman and the Serbian Empires, so did the Turkish Empire reach its zenith and wane. Towards the beginning of the nineteenth century the subject peoples began to think of independence. Ali Pasha, a mighty chief in South Albania, born at Tepeleni in 1744, revolted, defied the Turks and for some fifty years ruled all South Albania from his capital at Janina; entered into diplomatic relations with Great Britain and France and received many distinguished visitors, notably Lord Byron and Sir Henry Holland. In his old age, he was overpowered by large Turkish forces and his head was carried to Constantinople as a trophy in 1822. I found his name still honoured when I was at Tepeleni in 1904.
Meanwhile Russia fixed greedy eyes on Constantinople and incited and aided Greeks, Serbs and Bulgars to revolt. The Greeks, aided also by Great Britain, were the first to recover independence and be given a foreign king. In 1876-77, came the Russo-Turkish War to liberate the Slavs. Again the Albanians sided with the Turks and put up a very strong resistance to Serb invasion, defending their towns of Djakova, Prizren and Prishtina successfully. Turkish resistance broke at Plevna. There followed the Treaty of Berlin and the Eastern Roumelian Commission. Much wholly Albanian land was allotted to the Serbs, Montenegrins and Greeks. The Albanians formed the League of Prizren, summoned their forces and saved much of it. The northern tribesmen kept the Montenegrins out of Gusinje. I knew fine old Marash Hutzi of Hoti who organized the defence. Dulcigno, a purely Albanian town and Antivari, inhabited solely by Moslem and Catholic Albanians, were handed over to Montenegro. The Janina district, however, was saved from the Greeks and Kosovo from the Serbs.
At this time Lord Goschen and Lord Fitzmaurice on the Eastern Roumelian Commission, strongly favoured forming a large and independent Albania to include all Janina vilayet, all Kosovo vilayet and a considerable part of Macedonia. Lord Fitzmaurice took very great interest in Albania and corresponded with me about it for some fifteen years. He maintained that had an Albanian State been then formed, both the Balkans and Europe would have been spared much bloodshed; each of the respective peoples would have had a fair share and balanced each other. But the prejudice against Moslems was then too strong. I became interested in the Albanian question in 1903. A revolt of the Bulgars of Macedonia who wished to join free Bulgaria was sharply suppressed by the Turks, leaving a mass of burnt villages and starving people. As I had done much Balkan travel I was asked by the British Macedonian Relief Committee to act as their agent in the Ohrida Presba district. The Turkish Government gave permission and facilities. Our headquarters were at Monastir (now called Bitolj and included in Yugoslavia, but at that time there were no Serbs there). Our assistants, kavasses and Interpreters were mostly Albanians obtained from the British and Foreign Bible Society which had a depot at Monastir. From them I learned of the strong nationalist spirit then at work. Without our capable and honest Albanian staff, the work would have been far more difficult. The Governor of Ohrida, too, Mehdi Bey Frasheri, was an Albanian, a just and kindly man who was a great help to me. I regret to say he is now interned in Italy for having opposed the Italian invasion: may he live to see his land restored to independence. When the relief work was ended in the spring of 1904, my Albanian friends begged me not to return to England but to travel through Albania and see conditions for myself.
At this time the Turkish Government, afraid of the rising national spirit of the Albanians, tried to suppress it by forbidding the printing and teaching of the Albanian language under heavy penalties. Faik Bey of Konitza published an Albanian paper in London which was smuggled into the country. George Kyrias, an employee of the Bible Society, prepared some books of the Bible in Albanian and the Society published them. The Society had leave to sell its publications in the Turkish Empire but the Turks had not reckoned on Albanian books. An Albanian colporteur was to try to sell these through the length of Albania. Would I go with him? I joined him at his home at Leskovik. It was an inspiring journey. I first visited Koritza, Korēa as the Albanians call it. It was the active centre of the independence movement in South Albania, whose first object was to rid the land of all foreign influence.
A sister of George Kyrias, a brave and very capable woman, went to America aided by the American missionaries, was trained there and on her return was made mistress of a Girls’ School under the protection of the American Mission. She used American textbooks, gave her lessons in Albanian and destroyed all writing after the lesson.
The Turks searched vainly for the forbidden language. Christian and Moslem girls flocked to the school, learned to read and write and taught their brothers. All worked hard to counteract the influence of the Greek school and priests which the Turks permitted by way of suppressing Albanian. We went on, wherever we found an Albanian Governor, we were welcome to sell as many books as we could. At Berate, where there was a Turkish one. All our Albanian books were confiscated but as we had a secret store awaiting us ahead, this did not matter.
At Berate, I first heard of the efforts being made by the priest, Fan Noli, to form an autocephalous Albanian Orthodox Church and free the land of Greek priests. At Berate, the Christians complained that the Greek priest informed against persons possessing Albanian books. Fan Noli’s long years of work were crowned with success after Albania became independent. The autocephalous Albanian Orthodox Church was legally established and there are now no Greek priests in Albania unless some have accompanied the invading Greek army. The clergy are all Albanian and the services are held in Albanian. The Head of the Church is Archbishop Kissi whose seat is at Tirana. The Church is thus on a par with those of the Serbs, Greeks and Bulgars, which are all autocephalous. Bishop Fan Noli is head of the Albanian colony in America.
I would emphasise the formation of the Albanian Orthodox Church as some newspapers describe the South Albanians as ‘Greek Church’ and its adherents as ‘Greeks’. This is as incorrect as it would be to reckon all Roman Catholics as ‘Italians’. Not only Christians but Moslems hastened to buy our books. At Elbasan, in about an hour we sold 70 to Moslems. “Now,” aid a young gendarme joyfully, “I can teach my young brother to read.” At Elbasan, I found a movement to form an Uniate Church in order to stop Greek influence.
Thus we peddled books through all the towns of Albania and reached Scutari, travel-worn but satisfied. There were then no made roads, the journey was on horseback, fording rivers where horses nearly swam, plunging through marshy land where they were bogged to the shoulder and had to be dug out, and having to walk when the track was too bad to be safely ridden. Scutari was the centre of the independence movement in the North. Here there were more opportunities for education. Austria and Italy both coveted Albania and each tried to outdo the other in trying to win over the Albanians. So there were schools both for girls and boys, a boarding school for the mountain boys, a technical school and a printing press all under Austrian or Italian protection. The Albanians profited and studied eagerly.
Then came the Young Turk revolution in the summer of 1908. It promised freedom and equality for all. The Albanians played a major part in its first successes. The Kosovo men marched on Uskub (now called Skopje but then a largely Albanian town). They evicted the old governors from the district and occupied the town. Our Vice-Consul, a friend of the Albanians, testified to the good behaviour of the Albanian troops.
The Constitution was proclaimed, Scutari was wild with joy. Thousands of mountain men, in finest array, marched into the town, were feted and feasted. We fired revolvers (I had one in each hand) into the air till not a cartridge was left. Not an accident nor any disorder occurred. Said the French Vice-Consul: “What a people this would be with a good government!” They went back to their mountains happy and hopeful.
There was to be freedom of the press. Albanian newspapers sprang up like mushrooms in the night. Schools were opened with great rapidity. A Congress for the standardization of the alphabet and orthography was held at Monastir and a universal one adopted. The foreign schools had used separate systems. Long live Albania! She was to have her chance at last. Never again shall I see such a joyous resurrection of a people.
I went over the mountains to Djakova which had long been closed to foreigners and over the Kosovo plain to Prizren, Prishtina and Mitrovitza, back through Mirdita to Scutari. Everywhere the Albanians meant to have freedom. Alas! The Young Turks made every possible blunder. Rightly handled, the Albanians would have supported them as before against foes. But before the year was out, the Albanians realised that no freedom was to be expected. I talked in vain to the two Young Turk Governors. Greece, Serbia, Bulgaria and Montenegro were all determined not to let the Young Turks succeed, for this would mean no more chance of land grabbing. They formed the Balkan League to overthrow the Young Turk Government before it should have time to consolidate.
In 1910, the Albanians of Kosovo revolted, being encouraged to do so by the Serbs who promised them help. They were led by the gallant Iss Boletin. Glad news came to Scutari. Iss had made terms with the Serbs. A Serb officer and his men were aiding him, even sharing quarters with him. Serbia had recognised Albania’s right to independence. The age-long feud between Serb and Albanian was to cease. Iss believed and trusted the Serb and was cruelly deceived. The Serb in question was Colonel Dimitrijevitch, a leader of the gang which so brutally murdered King Alexander and Queen Draga in 1903, and head of the notorious Black Hand Society which planned a few years later the murder of the Archduke Franz Ferdinand and launched the World War in 1914. One of the greatest criminals of his time. Disguised as Albanians, Dimitrijevitch and his men committed many murders, among them that of Popovitch, the Governor of Berani, who though a Montenegrin by birth was a supporter of the Young Turks and wished to make Berani a little model province. He was hacked to pieces and the crime was ascribed to the Albanians. But his widow, a Frenchwoman, declared to me that the Serbs had killed him. This revolt of the Albanians succeeded in completely alienating them from the Turks, as the Serbs intended it should do.
In 1911, the King of Montenegro offered to help the tribesmen of the Northern mountains to obtain freedom. They too believed him and rose. I was at Constantinople and returned in haste. The revolt was in full swing. King Nikola asked me to aid the crowd of women and children who had fled into Montenegro in wretched plight. Montenegro was supplying the rebels with arms, ammunition and advice. They put up a gallant fight but were crushed by the arrival of a large Turkish army. The Turkish Government ordered King Nikola to make peace at once. The dismay of the tribesmen whom he had promised to stand by till they were free was piteous. They were commanded to return at once to their burnt villages but refused. The situation was very critical and the Montenegrin Government asked me to act as intermediary. They made it a condition that I should go with them. Mr. Charles Crane gave me £200, I raised more money and spent an arduous winter in relief work.
Then came the Balkan wars of 1912-13. By their cunning policy the Serbs had cruelly tricked the Albanians. They had separated them from the Turks and used them to drive the Turks from Kosovo. Far from fulfilling their promises to help the Albanians to liberty, the Serb and Montenegrin armies fell upon them with ferocity. The Albanians were trapped and unable to obtain ammunition from either side. The Serbs ruthlessly massacred wholesale. In Montenegro, at the inn dinner table I heard a Serb officer boast how his men had slaughtered men, women and children of the Luma tribe. “You must kill the women,” he said, “they breed men” and laughed till he choked over his beer. The Montenegrins cut off the lips and noses of prisoners and the dead and showed them as trophies, and burnt and looted. They boasted that when they took Scutari they would cut the throats of its inhabitants. The sad news came that Janina had fallen. Ismail Kemal, the Albanian leader in the south, appealed to the Powers and proclaimed the Independence of Albania, on November 28, 1912, at Valona. The claim of Albania was recognised and the Montenegrins were ordered to withdraw from the siege of Scutari. They obtained its surrender by means of a Quisling. Essad Pasha Toptani, a man detested save by the men of his own clan, was an officer in the Turkish army within Scutari. Terms were offered him through the medium of the Italian Consulate in Scutari. He and his men would be allowed to march out fully armed and he should be made Prince of a small Principality if he could contrive the surrender of the town. Essad then murdered the Turkish commander, Hussein Riza Bey, and admitted the Montenegrins just as the mountain men, who perceived too late how they had been tricked, were about to march to the town’s relief. The Montenegrins set fire to the bazaar and looted it. The Powers ordered the Montenegrins to clear out. They made a last and strange attempt to hold it. Petar Plamenatz, who had been made Governor, offered me the Governorship of Scutari - he to be nominal and I actual Governor - if I would persuade the tribesmen to ask for Montenegrin rule. “They will follow you,” he said, “speak the word, I implore.” He offered bribes. “Impossible,” said I. “But why?” “Because,” I said sternly, “I have been lied to too often.” He showed no anger. He said, “Alas, alas, Mlle. This time I swear I am telling the truth.”
An international naval force steamed up the river and as Admiral Burney landed the Montenegrin army marched out over the bridge. Albania was saved. I spent the winter feeding and clothing the half-starved Scutarenes and mountain folk.
The mountains were full of Moslem survivors, escaped from the lands taken by the Montenegrins and Serbs, telling tales of horror. Men were roasted by fires to make them accept baptism. Women herded into church and their veils torn from them. If the poor, dazed victims did not answer next day to their Christian names they were beaten and in some cases raped. Two wretched widows told how the Serbs had cut the arteries of elbows and wrists of their husbands and danced round while their victims bled to death. The grisly pantomime by which they described it made its truth clear. Briefly, the Serbs called this cleaning the land.
I did my best, too, to keep the peace among the foreign armies of occupation which arrived and had jurisdiction for some twelve miles round Scutari. Intrigue was rampant. Luckily in some crucial moments the tribesmen consulted me and I was able to get them to listen to the Admiral, which enraged some foreign officers.
Mr. Nevinson, the well-known war correspondent and Mr. Erikson, an American missionary, arrived and asked me to ride with them through Albania. We found perfect order kept by a small provisional government in every town and were welcomed everywhere. There was dread of Essad the traitor and hopes that soon the Powers would send the promised King.
We went to Ohrida, where large Serb forces were making ready to fight the Bulgars, and thence to Koritza, where we went to the schoolhouse. Heavy Greek forces occupied the town. Orders were being given that shop fronts were to be painted Greek colours. We were hailed as saviours. The Greeks held the telegraph lines and Koritza was cut off from the world. Save us from the Greeks we were implored. We visited the Greek commander, Colonel Kondoulis. He made no concealment of his intention not only to keep Koritza but to take the whole of South Albania up to Tepeleni, as he showed on a map. I protested that the lands were wholly Albanian and he had no right whatever to them. He replied, “Appetite comes with eating. We have eaten and shall eat more!” I said, “He that eats too much, gets the bellyache.” Nevinson said, “Take care, those fellows are furious.”
On returning to the schoolhouse - the Greeks had closed the school - we learned that Greek soldiers were making a house to house visit, ordering every inhabitant to come to a public meeting to vote for what form of government they wished. This was obviously arranged to impress us. Lest we should be made fools of and put on the platform with the Greeks, we went out and the officer sent to fetch us was too late. We arrived late at the meeting. Surrounded by Greek troops, the populace was said to have voted unanimously to be Greek and a telegram to that effect was sent to the Ambassadors’ conference in London. From both without and within the town we were begged to save them. We hired a guide and started on a two and a half days ride over rough mountain tracks to Valona which was in Albanian hands. Nevinson drafted a telegram explaining how the Greek vote had been obtained. Koritza was allotted to Albania and saved. At Valona we were met with a deputation of fine fellows from the Chiameria, also occupied by the Greeks, who begged earnestly to be saved but their prayer was in vain.
I left Albania at Christmas, 1913 and returned to Durazzo in April, 1914, where the Powers of Europe had appointed the Prince zu Wied as King. Why they agreed to choose him is a mystery, since France, Russia, Italy, the Greeks and the Serbs had agreed together to expel him and permit no German influence in Albania.
Wied was a well-meaning man but was never given a chance. He fell into the hands of the traitor Essad Pasha, who went to meet him and so gained his confidence that he made Essad his Minister of War. I landed at Durazzo to find a whirlpool of intrigue. The French Commissioner, a Polish Jew born in Bosnia (Kralewsky), told me that France would never permit an independent Albania; a Russian journalist and Dr. Dillon were backing Essad. I had a long talk with Wied and begged him not to trust Essad but to make a tour of the country with me. He hesitated too long. Essad as War Minister had control of the arms; he armed the men of his own district and also a large force of refugees from Dibra, which had been given to the Serbs. They were told that if they would expel Wied, Dibra would be returned to them. They rose, the signal for attack being given by an Italian, Colonel Muricchio, waving a red lantern at night. The British Vice-Consul saw him and he was arrested. So was Essad, who ought to have been court-martialled and shot. The Italians made a great uproar, Muricchio had to be released and Wied feared to act. Each of the Powers had a warship lying off Durazzo and Essad was put on board the Austrian warship. The Italians claimed him and cleared decks for action. The world war might have begun then had not Austria released Essad, who was taken by the Italians to Rome, feted and decorated.
The attack on Durazzo was a failure in spite of Italian efforts. The town was well defended by the little body of Dutch gendarmerie appointed by the Powers as Wied’s guard. The rebels sued for truce but hardly was truce made when there came news that the Greeks were invading South Albania and that Koritza was threatened. Sir Harry Lamb, the British Commissioner, sent me to Valona to investigate. It was too true. The Greeks and Serbs had planned a simultaneous attack. The refugees were streaming down to the coast. Valona was thronged. Under every tree or shelter for miles around, men, women and children were falling exhausted from a flight for life from their burning villages. The detachment of Dutch gendarmes who were in charge of Koritza had resisted till overwhelmed by superior forces and then had fled with the rest. They gave terrible accounts of the sufferings and deaths that occurred in the rush over the mountains.
Athens, when remonstrated with, denied complicity and declared it to be a local rising of so-called ‘Christian Epirots’ against the Moslems. This was quite untrue; the local Christians did all they could to aid their Moslem brethren. As Sir Harry Lamb said, the so-called Epirots were in fact Cretans. The leader was a Greek, Zographos.
An International Committee, of which I was a member, toiled to save the starving, suffering people. I shall never forget the miserable children dying under the trees. I obtained but very little condensed milk and there were at very least 50,000 refugees. A small ration of bread per head per day was the most we could do.
The Greeks were said to be approaching Valona. Where the army was we did not know. Athens continued to deny its existence. So I went myself two days’ ride up country to spy its position. Not far from Tepeleni on the opposite side of a deep valley when I crawled along the mountainside, I saw through field glasses, a large military camp with soldiers in khaki, tents and horses, as unlike a band of local revolutionaries as could well be imagined.
I returned in hot haste in one day, hoping to put pressure on Athens, and found that Russia and Germany had declared war. The Great War had begun. Austria’s declaration of war on Serbia was greeted with wild joy by the Albanians. The Serbs would be justly punished for the murder of the Archduke and Kosovo would be restored to Albania. We were cut off from all news. I crossed to Brindisi to get news, meaning to return if all was well and learned to my dismay that we had declared war forty-eight hours earlier. There was nothing for it but to return to England.
The Serb attack on Albania ceased ... the Italians landed at Valona and stopped the Greek advance ... the French occupied Koritza, proclaiming a Republic. During the war, though Albania had been declared neutral and independent by the Powers, it was entered by Serb, Montenegrin, French, Italian, Austrian and British troops. The Prince of Wied left on September 3 and Essad returned. By now the rebels saw how they had been tricked and telegraphed to Wied to return; he never did.
In April 1915, the British Government made a secret treaty by which Albania was to be divided between Greece and the Serbs, Essad to have his Principality. He acted as French agent all through and was well paid. The secret treaty was published by the Bolsheviks in 1917. Colonel the Hon. Aubrey Herbert formed a strong committee to struggle for Albania’s independence: Sir Samuel Hoare, Lord Moyne and Lord Harlech were members of it; I was Honorary Secretary. We had the support of Lord Cecil and later of Lord Balfour. After much hard work Albania was again made an independent state and a member of the League of Nations but unfortunately the Serbs were permitted to retain territory with some 800,000 Albanians and the Greeks also retained the wholly Albanian Ciameria.
Both Serb and Greek reckoned the Moslems as Turks, expropriated them and expelled them in numbers, penniless, to Turkey. Not a single Albanian school has been provided for those that remain. Their numbers have been so reduced as to make them powerless and they have been deprived of civil rights in Greece.
When I returned to Albania in 1921, a council of three Regents was ruling at the head of a Parliament. All seemed going smoothly; there was no national debt; Essad dared not claim his principality and to make sure that he should not do so, a young Albanian shot him in Paris, where he was living on French money. The outlook was hopeful and there was perfect order.
But oil was the undoing of Albania. It was believed to exist in large quantities. The wise priest Fan Noli thought it better for Albania to remain poor for a time than to grant large oil concessions to foreign Powers. Others favoured getting rich quickly. Ahmet Zogu of Mati, now known as King Zog and Fan Noli’s rival for the Presidency, promised a big concession to the Anglo-Persian Oil Company and one to Italy. He obtained the support of Great Britain and the Anglo-Persian started boring.
In memory of her son, Aubrey Herbert, Elizabeth Lady Carnarvon started her noble work. She equipped a hospital at Valona, built and equipped a library, sent a scoutmaster to start boy scouts, which were very popular, and began anti-malarial work. British officers were appointed to train the gendarmerie. All looked well. Alas the Anglo-Persian found no oil worth working and withdrew. Italy, on the contrary, found good oil. Had we obtained the concession which the Italians did, Albania’s fate would have been very different. As it was, it became Italy’s sphere of influence.
The boy scouts were first suppressed and finally the British officers dismissed. Italy undertook to finance Albania and to make roads and bridges. Albania, which at first thought of Italy as a protection against Greeks and Serbs, became uneasy as Italy dug her claws in deeper and deeper. Some attempts to resist, made by the rising generation, many of whom had been educated abroad, were suppressed.
Then came the fatal Good Friday, when we all looked on and let a huge mechanised force overwhelm the little land and presented Italy with the control of the Straits of Otranto. At Durazzo, the gendarmerie and the cadets put up a brave fight. But the warships bombarded the tiny town and forced a landing. A pathetic incident was that when planes flew over Tirana, the populace thought they were English planes coming to their rescue. But they dropped leaflets saying that if further resistance were offered, the town would be destroyed. Having no anti-aircraft guns - none could be offered.
Very briefly this is the sad tale of a small and fine people who want only to live their own lives on their own land. Should any further dismemberment of their lands take place, they are threatened with extinction, for neither neighbour has shown them any mercy. In the years when I lived among them, I found the Albanians loyal, grateful and kindly. That they are highly intelligent is proved by the fact that those who have managed to come to England for education have taken good degrees at the London University. Their beautiful silver work and fine embroideries show them to be the artists of the Balkans. Do not let them be offered up as a human sacrifice either to appease our foes or propitiate our Allies.
Ndryshuar pėr herė tė fundit nga FreeByrd : 07-09-2011 mė 07:42
We are the part of the Cosmos that discovered and understands its unfolding story
Pjesa tjetėr e botės kthyer shpinėn shqiptarėve. Jo Edith Durham. Ajo kishte udhėtuar dhe jetuar nė mesin e fiseve gege tė Shqipėrisė sė Veriut. Si tė guximshėm dhe tė pavarur si njerėzit qė ajo e pėrshkruar nė librat e saj Edith Durham protestuan. Ajo solli nė mendje Tennessee Kongresmenit, heroi dhe legjenda, David Crockett, duke qėndruar nė Kongresin e SHBA vetėm duke bėrtitur kundėr politikės Presidentit Andrew Jackson e heqjes sė indianėve Cherokee nga vendi i tyre nė 1829. Tragjike por heroike tė tij se si njė person mund tė shohim padrejtėsi kur pjesa tjetėr e botės ėshtė e verbėr.
Nė 1941, pas pushtimit italian tė Shqipėrisė, Durham botoi pasqyrė e pėrgjithshme e Shqipėrisė nė "Procedura e Institucionit Mbretėrore tė Britanisė sė Madhe, 'tipik i pėrfshirjes sė saj pasionuar nė fatin e Shqipėrisė. Si figura mė tė njohur tė studimeve shqiptare nė Britaninė e shekullit tė njėzetė, ajo vdiq nė shtėpinė e saj nė Londėr mė 15 nėntor 1944, dy javė para marrjen Komuniste tė Shqipėrisė.
Unė do tė mbrojė pėr drejtėsi, pėr njė nga njė mė tė vjetėr dhe tani e popujve mė fatkeq tė Evropės. Simpatia ėshtė e ngrohtė pėr polakėt, por shqiptarėt, tė cilėt kanė vuajtur dismembership akoma mė shumė brutale nė duart e fqinjėve tė tyre mė tė fuqishme, tani janė nė fushėbetejė e dy fuqive rivale dhe kėrcėnuar me asgjėsimin nė njė grindje qė nuk ėshtė e tyre.
Shqiptarėt janė pasardhėsit e fiseve qė banonin nė kohėt parahistorike sė bashku nė anėn perėndimore tė Gadishullit Ballkanik - ilirėve dhe Epirots - para ardhjes sė ose Romakėve apo sllavėt. Ata nuk ishin dhe nuk janė grekė.
Straboni, duke shkruar rreth fillimit tė kohės sė krishterė, jep detaje tė cilat tregojnė se sistemi i tyre fisnore ngjante atė qė ka ekzistuar deri nė kohėt e fundit. Ai thotė se kufiri i grekėve ishte nė jug tė Gjirit Ambracian, tani Gjirin e Arta. Kjo ėshtė mė nė jug se sa sot. Territorin shqiptar ishte marrė nga grekėt nė vitin 1913. Ilirėve dhe Epirots janė tė njohur tani si gegėt dhe toskėt. Ata flasin tė njėjtėn gjuhė, kanė tė njėjtat zakone dhe tė formojnė njė komb tė bashkuar.
Kur Roma pushtoi gadishullin e Ballkanit, krishterimi arriti tė bregdetit Adriatik dhe Iliria ishte pjesė e Patriarkanės sė Romės. Kur rėnia dhe rėnia e Perandorisė Romake filloi, sundimit romak u zėvendėsua nga sllave rregull, gadishulli u pushtua nga paraardhėsit e serbėve moderne dhe pėr njė kohė tė shkurtėr nė mesjetė qė sunduan njė pjesė tė madhe tė saj.
Njė llogari bashkėkohore nga Domenikane, Ati Brocardus, 1331, tregon Abbanois, si ai i quan, duke folur gjuhėn e tyre, kapur pėr Kishėn e tyre dhe "shumė tė ashpėr tė shtypur" nga pushtuesit e tyre. Ligjet e miratuara nga Cari Serb, Stefan Dushan, nė vitin 1349 tregojnė se ato ishin klasifikuar si bujkrobėrit barinjve tė bagėtisė. Perandoria serbe ishte jetėshkurtėr. Nė mė tė mėdha tė saj, ajo ka zgjatur por 25 vjet, mbretėrimit tė Dushanit Stefan. Me vdekjen e tij, popujt e pushtuar dhe tė prijėsve rivale shpejt shkatėrroi atė dhe dyndje e turqve shkatėrruar atė plotėsisht. Ndėrkohė venedikasit kishin crept poshtė bregut. Prijėsve shqiptar erdhi nė pushtet nė male, sė bashku me Venedikasit, ata tė gjatė mbrojti Shkodėr qė nė fund ra nė 1478. Por shqiptarėt janė tė fundit tė popujve tė Ballkanit pėr t'u nėnshtruar. Udhėhequr nga Skėnderbeu e madhe e tyre hero, i njohur si kampion i krishterimit, ofruan njė rezistencė tė mrekullueshme nga fortesėn e tij nė Krujė. Me vdekjen e tij e etheve nė 1467, ata ishin leaderless dhe tė detyruar tė pranojnė shtet feudal turk. Qėndrimin e tyre ndryshonte nga ajo e popujve tė tjerė si ata pushtuan mbajti njė pavarėsi nėn gjysmė-shefat e tyre. Instinkt racės, qė instikti i verbėr pa mend e mbijetesės, dėboi ata kundėr shtypėsit e tyre tė vjetėr dhe ata tė njėanshme me turqit nė pėrpjekjen pėr tė dėbuar serbėt. Pozita e serbėve nė lagjen e Kosovės ėshtė bėrė i papėrshtatshėm. Udhėhequr nga Peshkopi i Ipek, ata emigruan nė masė nė tokat e lėvruara nė Hungari e tyre nga ana e perandorit. Shqiptarėt ri-pushtuar tokat nga te cilat paraardhėsit e tyre kishin qenė tė dėbuar dhe mbajti ato deri nė 1913.
Duke u kthyer nė numėr tė konsiderueshėm mysliman, guximin dhe inteligjencėn e shqiptarėve mundėsoi atyre qė tė rritje tė lartė nė ushtri turke dhe Qeverisė. Ashtu si Romake dhe Perandoria serbe, kėshtu qė e bėri Perandorisė Turke tė arritur zenitin e vet dhe zbehet. Drejt nė fillim tė shekullit tė nėntėmbėdhjetė e popujve subjekt filluan tė mendojnė pėr pavarėsinė. Ali Pasha, njė shefi tė fortė nė Shqipėrinė e Jugut, i lindur nė Tepeleni nė 1744, u revoltuan, sfidoi turqit dhe pėr disa pesėdhjetė vjet sundoi Shqipėrinė e Jugut tė gjitha nga kryeqyteti i tij nė Janinė, hyri nė marrėdhėnie diplomatike me Britaninė e Madhe dhe Franca dhe ka marrė shumė vizitorė tė shquar , sidomos Lord Bajroni dhe Sir Henry Holland. Nė pleqėrinė e tij, ai u mposhtėn nga forcat e madhe turke dhe koka e tij u krye nė Konstandinopojė, si njė trofe nė 1822. Kam gjetur emrin e tij tė nderuar ende, kur isha nė Tepeleni nė vitin 1904.
Ndėrkohė Rusia fikse sytė e babėzitur tė Stambollit dhe tė nxitur dhe ndihmuar grekėt, serbėt dhe bullgarėt pėr tė revoltės. Grekėt, tė ndihmuar edhe nga Britania e Madhe, ishin tė parėt pėr tė rimarrė pavarėsinė dhe tė jepet njė mbret tė huaj. Nė 1876-77, erdhi Lufta ruso-turke pėr ēlirimin e sllavėt. Pėrsėri shqiptarėt anėn e turqve dhe tė vėnė njė rezistencė shumė tė fortė pėr tė pushtimit serb, duke mbrojtur qytetet e tyre e Gjakovė, Prizren dhe Prishtinė me sukses. Rezistencės turke nė Plevna theu. Ka ndjekur Traktatin e Berlinit dhe Lindore Roumelian Komisionit. Pjesa mė e madhe e tokės shqiptare ishte tėrėsisht ndarė pėr serbėt, malazezėt dhe grekėt. Shqiptarėt formuan Lidhjen e Prizrenit, thirri forcat e tyre dhe ruajtur shumė e saj. The fiseve veriore mbajtur malazezėt nga e Guci. Unė e dija mirė e vjetėr Marash Hutzi i Hotit i cili organizoi mbrojtjen. Dulcigno, njė qytet thjesht shqiptar dhe Tivarit, tė banuar vetėm nga shqiptarėt myslimane dhe katolike, u janė dorėzuar nė Mal tė Zi. Rrethi i Janinės, megjithatė, u ruajt nga grekėt dhe tė Kosovės nga serbėt.
Nė kėtė kohė Zoti Goschen dhe Zoti Fitzmaurice nė Komisionin e Roumelian Lindore, me forcė tė favorizuar formimin e njė Shqipėrie tė madhe dhe tė pavarur pėr tė pėrfshirė tė gjithė vilajeti Janina, vilajeti i Kosovės dhe tė gjitha njė pjesė tė konsiderueshme tė Maqedonisė. Zoti Fitzmaurice mori interes shumė tė madh nė Shqipėri dhe i pėrgjigjej me mua nė lidhje me atė pėr disa pesėmbėdhjetė vjet. Ai pohoi se kishte njė shteti shqiptar ėshtė formuar mė pas, tė dy Ballkan dhe Evropė do tė kishte qenė shumė mė tė kursyer gjakderdhje, ēdo tė popujve pėrkatės do tė kishte njė ndarje tė drejtė dhe tė balancuar njėri-tjetrin. Por paragjykimet ndaj muslimanėve nė atė kohė ishte shumė i fortė. Unė u bė i interesuar nė ēėshtjen shqiptare nė vitin 1903. Njė revoltė e bullgarėt e Maqedonisė, tė cilėt dėshirojnė tė bashkohen pa Bullgaria u shtyp nga turqit ashpėr, duke lėnė njė masė tė fshatrave tė djegura dhe tė uritur. Siē kisha bėrė shumė e udhėtimit tė Ballkanit unė u pyet nga Komiteti britanik i Maqedonisė Ndihmė pėr tė vepruar si agjent tė tyre nė qarkun Presba Ohrida. Qeveria turke i dha leje dhe objekteve. Selinė tonė ishin nė Manastirit (tani quhet Bitolės dhe tė pėrfshira nė Jugosllavi, por nė atė kohė nuk ka pasur serbė atje). Asistentė tona, kavasses dhe pėrkthyesit kanė qenė kryesisht shqiptarėt e marrė nga Shoqėria Britanike e Bibla tė Jashtme e cila kishte njė depo nė Manastir. Prej tyre mėsova tė shpirtit tė fortė nacionaliste pastaj nė punė. Pa staf tė aftė dhe tė ndershėm tonė shqiptar, puna do tė kishte qenė shumė mė e vėshtirė. Guvernatori i Ohrida, gjithashtu, Mehdi Bej Frashėri, ishte njė shqiptar, njė njeri i drejtė dhe me mirėsi i cili ishte njė ndihmė e madhe pėr mua. Mė vjen keq tė them se ai ėshtė tani i internuar nė Itali pėr tė pasur kundėr pushtimit italian: tė jetojė pėr tė parė vendin e tij kthehet drejt pavarėsisė. Kur puna ndihmave u dha fund nė pranverėn e vitit 1904, miqtė e mi shqiptarė lut mua tė mos kthehen nė Angli, por pėr tė udhėtuar nėpėr Shqipėri dhe shikoni kushtet pėr veten time.
Nė kėtė kohė qeveria turke, frikė e shpirtit rritje kombėtare tė shqiptarėve, u pėrpoq pėr tė shtypur atė duke ndaluar shtypjen dhe mėsimin e gjuhės shqiptare me dėnime tė rėnda. Faik Bej Konica e botoi njė letėr shqiptar nė Londėr, e cila ishte kontrabanduar nė vend. George Kyrias, njė punonjės i Shoqėrisė Biblės, tė pėrgatitur disa libra tė Biblės nė gjuhėn shqipe dhe tė Shoqėrisė publikuar ato. Shoqėria kishte lėnė pėr tė shitur botimet e saj nė Perandorinė turke, por turqit nuk e kishte llogaritur nė librat shqiptarė. Njė colporteur shqiptar ishte nė pėrpjekje pėr tė shitur kėto nėpėr gjatėsinė e Shqipėrisė. Do tė shkoj me tė? Unė u bashkua me atė nė shtėpinė e tij nė Leskovik. Ishte njė udhėtim frymėzues. Pėr herė tė parė vizitoi Koritza, Korēa si shqiptarėt e quajti atė. Ajo ishte qendra aktive tė lėvizja pėr pavarėsi nė Shqipėrinė e Jugut, parė i tė cilit ishte objekt tė shpėtoj nga vendi i gjithė ndikimin e huaj.
Njė motėr e George Kyrias, njė grua trim dhe shumė tė aftė, shkoi nė Amerikė ndihmuar nga misionarėt amerikanė, ėshtė trajnuar atje dhe nė kthimin e saj ishte bėrė mjeshtre nė njė shkollė vajzash nėn mbrojtjen e Misionit Amerikan. Ajo pėrdoret tekstet amerikan, i dha mėsimet e saj nė gjuhėn shqipe dhe shkatėrruan tė gjitha me shkrim pas mėsimit.
Turqit kėrkuan mė kot pėr gjuhėn e ndaluar. Krishterė dhe mysliman vajzat dyndėn nė shkollė, mėsuan tė lexojnė dhe shkruajnė dhe mėsoi vėllezėrve tė tyre. Tė gjitha punuar shumė pėr tė luftuar ndikimin e shkollės greke dhe priftėrinjtė tė cilėn turqit e lejuar nga rruga e shtypur shqiptare. Ne vazhdoi, kudo kemi gjetur njė guvernator shqiptar, ne kemi qenė tė mirėpritur pėr tė shitur sa shumė libra si ne mund. Nė berate, ku ishte njė turk. Tė gjitha librat tanė shqiptarė u konfiskuan por si kemi pasur njė dyqan tė fshehtė na pret pėrpara, kjo nuk kishte rėndėsi.
Nė berate, kam parė e dėgjuar pėr pėrpjekjet e bėra nga prifti, Fan Noli, pėr tė formuar njė kishė autoqefale Ortodokse Shqiptare dhe tė lirė nė vendin e priftėrinjve grekė. Nė berate, tė krishterėt u ankua se prifti grek i informuar ndaj personave qė posedojnė libra shqip. Vitet e Fan Nolit e gjatė tė punės u kurorėzuan me sukses, pasi Shqipėria u bė e pavarur. The autoqefale shqiptare Kisha Ortodokse ėshtė themeluar ligjėrisht dhe tani ka ka priftėrinj grekė nė Shqipėri, nėse disa e kanė shoqėruar tė ushtrisė pushtuese greke. Klerit janė tė gjithė shqiptarė dhe shėrbimet janė mbajtur nė gjuhėn shqipe. Kryetari i Kishės ėshtė Kryepeshkopi Kissi vend tė cilit ėshtė nė Tiranė. Kisha ėshtė kėshtu nė njė nivel me ato tė serbėve, grekėve dhe bullgarėt, tė cilat janė tė gjitha autoqefale. Fan Noli Peshkopi ėshtė kreu i kolonisė shqiptare nė Amerikė.
Unė do tė theksoj krijimin e Kishės Ortodokse Shqiptare si disa gazeta pėrshkruajnė shqiptarėt e Jugut si 'Kisha Greke "dhe ithtarėt e tij si" grekėt ". Kjo ėshtė po aq e gabuar pasi do tė ishte qė tė pėrballoj tė gjitha katolikėt si "italianėt". Jo vetėm tė krishterėt, por Muslimanėt nxitoi pėr tė blerė librat tanė. Nė Elbasan, nė rreth njė orė ne kemi shitur 70 pėr myslimanėt. "Tani," ndihmė njė xhandar e re me gėzim, "Unė mund tė mėsojnė vėllain tim tė rinj pėr tė lexuar." Nė Elbasan, kam gjetur njė lėvizje pėr tė formuar njė Kishė Uniate nė mėnyrė qė tė ndalet ndikimi grek.
Kėshtu ne peddled libra nėpėr tė gjitha qytetet e Shqipėrisė dhe arriti nė Shkodėr, udhėtimi-veshur, por tė kėnaqur. Ka pasur atėherė nuk ka rrugė tė bėra, udhėtimi ishte hipur mbi kalė, fording lumenj, ku kuajt gati swam, zhytje nėpėr vendin kėnetore, ku ata ishin bogged nė shpatull dhe u desh tė gėrmuar jashtė, dhe qė tė ecin, kur pista ishte shumė e keqe pėr tė tejkalohen nė mėnyrė tė sigurtė. Shkodra ishte qendra e lėvizjes pavarėsi nė Veri. Kėtu ka pasur mė shumė mundėsi pėr arsim. Austria dhe Italia si Shqipėria lakmuar dhe ēdo pėrpjekur tė mposht tė tjera nė duke u pėrpjekur pėr tė fituar mbi shqiptarėt. Pra, ka pasur shkolla, si pėr vajzat dhe djemtė, njė shkollė me konvikt pėr djemtė malit, njė shkollė teknike dhe njė makinė shtypi tė gjitha nėn mbrojtjen e austriake apo italiane. Shqiptarėt pėrfituan dhe studiuar me padurim.
Pastaj erdhi Rinj revolucionit Turk nė verėn e vitit 1908. Ajo premtoi lirinė dhe barazinė pėr tė gjithė. Shqiptarėt luajti njė pjesė tė madhe nė sukseset e saj tė parė. Burrat e Kosovės marshuan nė Uskub (Shkup, i quajtur tani, por pastaj njė qytet kryesisht shqiptarė). Ata dėbuar qeveritarėt e vjetėr nga rrethi dhe pushtuan qytetin. Zv-konsulli ynė, njė mik i shqiptarėve, dėshmoi pėr sjelljen e mirė tė trupave shqiptare.
Kushtetuta u shpall, Shkodra ishte e egėr me gėzim. Mijėra burra malit, nė grup tė mirėn, marshuan nė qytet, janė nderuar masivisht ne menyre dhe feasted. Ne shkarkoi revole (kam pasur njė nė ēdo dorė) nė ajėr deri nė njė fishek nuk u la. Nuk ėshtė njė aksident dhe as ndonjė ērregullim ndodhur. Tha zėvendės konsullit francez-: "! Ēfarė njerėz kjo do tė jetė me njė qeveri tė mirė" Ata u kthyen nė malet e tyre tė lumtur dhe plot shpresė.
Nuk do tė ishte liria e shtypit. Gazetat shqiptare doli si kėrpudha nė natė. Shkollat u hapėn me shpejtėsi tė madhe. Njė Kongresit pėr standardizimin e alfabetit dhe tė drejtshkrimit u mbajt nė Manastir dhe njė universale tė miratuar. Shkollat e huaja kishin pėrdorur sisteme tė veēanta. Rroftė Shqipėria! Ajo ishte qė tė ketė shansin e saj nė fund. Kurrė mė duhet tė shoh tė tillė ringjallja njė gėzuar tė njė populli.
Unė shkova nė malet nė Gjakovė e cila kishte qenė prej kohėsh e mbyllur pėr tė huajt dhe mbi tė thjeshtė tė Kosovės nė Prizren, Prishtinė dhe Mitrovitza, prapa pėrmes Mirditės to Shkodrės. Kudo shqiptarėt pėr qėllim qė tė ketė lirinė. Mjerisht! Turqit e Rinj bėrė ēdo gabim tė mundshėm. Trajtohen tė drejtė, shqiptarėt do tė kanė mbėshtetur ato si mė parė kundėr armiqve. Por, para vitit tė ishte jashtė, shqiptarėt kuptuan se nuk ka liri do tė ishte e pritshme. Kam biseduar mė kot pėr tė dy Guvernatorėve xhonturq. Greqia, Serbia, Bullgaria dhe Mali i Zi ishin tė vendosur tė gjithė tė mos lejuar turqit e rinj tė ketė sukses, pėr kėtė do tė thotė mundėsi mė tė tokės grabbing. Ata formuan Lidhjen e Ballkanit pėr tė pėrmbysur qeverinė xhonturq para se ajo duhet tė ketė kohė pėr tė konsoliduar.
Nė vitin 1910, shqiptarėt e Kosovės revoltuar, duke u inkurajuar pėr tė bėrė kėtė nga ana e serbėve qė premtoi atyre ndihmė. Ata ishin tė udhėhequr nga Boletin ISS trim. Glad lajme erdhi nė Shkodėr. ISS kishte bėrė kushtet me serbėt. Njė oficer serb dhe njerėzit e tij ishin tė ndihmuar atė, madje edhe ndarjen e lagje me tė. Serbia ka njohur tė drejtėn e Shqipėrisė pėr pavarėsi. Mosha-gjata gjakmarrje mes tė serbėve dhe shqiptarėve ėshtė qė tė pushojė. ISS besuan dhe besuar serbe dhe ishte mashtruar mizorisht. Serbe nė fjalė ishte koloneli Dimitrijevitch, njė udhėheqės i bandės qė vrau nė mėnyrė brutale Mbreti Aleksandėr dhe mbretėresha Draga nė 1903, dhe kreu i Shoqėrisė famėkeq Dora e zezė e cila planifikuar disa vite mė vonė vrasja e Franz Ferdinand Archduke dhe filloi Botėrore luftės nė vitin 1914. Njė nga kriminelėt mė tė mėdhenj tė kohės sė tij. Maskuar si shqiptarė, Dimitrijevitch dhe njerėzit e tij tė pėrkushtuar shumė vrasje, mes tyre atė tė Popovitch, Guvernatori i Berani, i cili edhe pse njė malazeze nga lindja ishte njė mbėshtetės i xhonturqve dhe tė dashur pėr tė bėrė Berani njė krahinė tė vogėl model. Ai ishte hacked nė copa dhe krimi ishte atribuar shqiptarėve. Por e veja e tij, njė franceze, deklaroi se serbėt kishin vrarė atė. Kjo revoltė e shqiptarėve arriti plotėsisht tjetėrsuar ata nga turqit, si serbėt synojnė qė duhet tė bėjė.
Nė vitin 1911, mbreti i Malit tė Zi ofroi nė ndihmė tė fiseve tė maleve veriore pėr tė marrė lirinė. Ata gjithashtu besonin atė dhe u rrit. Unė isha nė Konstandinopojės dhe u kthye me nxitim. Revolta ishte nė aktivitet tė plotė. Mbreti Nikolla mė pyeti pėr tė ndihmuar turmėn e grave dhe fėmijėve tė cilėt kishin ikur nė Malin e Zi nė gjendjen mjeruar. Mali i Zi ishte furnizuar kryengritėsit me armė municion, dhe kėshilla. Ata vėnė njė luftė trim, por u shtypen me ardhjen e njė ushtri tė madhe turke. Qeveria turke urdhėroi mbreti Nikolla pėr tė bėrė paqe nė tė njėjtėn kohė. Pėrēmohen nga fiseve tė cilin ai kishte premtuar pėr tė dalė nga deri sa ata ishin tė lirė ishte i gjorė. Ata ishin urdhėruar tė kthehen nė tė njėjtėn kohė pėr tė djegur fshatrat e tyre, por refuzoi. Situata ishte shumė kritike dhe Qeveria e Malit tė Zi mė kėrkoi qė tė veprojė si ndėrmjetės. Ata e bėnė atė njė kusht qė unė duhet tė shkoj me ta. Z. Charles Crane mė dha £ 200, i ngritur mė shumė para dhe ka kaluar njė dimėr nė punėn e rėndė humanitare.
Pastaj erdhi luftėrat ballkanike tė 1912-13. Me politikėn e tyre dinake serbėt kishin mashtruar mizorisht shqiptarėt. Ata kishin ndarė ata nga turqit dhe pėrdorur ato pėr tė pėrzėnė turqit nga Kosova. Larg pėrmbushjes sė premtimeve tė tyre pėr tė ndihmuar shqiptarėt pėr liri, ushtritė serbe dhe malazeze ra mbi ta me egėrsi. Shqiptarėt u bllokuan dhe nė gjendje pėr tė marrė municion nga tė dyja anėt. Serbėt masakruan mizorisht me shumicė. Nė Mal tė Zi, nė tryezė darkė han dėgjova njė polic serb tė mburremi se si njerėzit e tij kishin therur burra, gra dhe fėmijėt e fisit Lumės. "Ju duhet tė vrasin gratė," tha ai, "ata burra race" dhe qeshi deri sa ai ia zunė frymėn mbi birrė e tij. Malazezėt prerė buzėt dhe hundėt e tė burgosurve dhe tė tė vdekurit dhe u tregoi si trofe, dhe tė djegur dhe plaēkitur. Ata mburreshin se kur ata morėn Shkodrės se do tė prerė nė fyt e banorėve tė saj. Lajm i trishtuar, erdhi, qė Janina kishte rėnė. Ismail Qemal, lider shqiptar nė jug, thirrje Fuqive dhe shpalli Pavarėsinė e Shqipėrisė, mė 28 nėntor 1912, nė Vlorė. Kėrkesa e Shqipėrisė u njoh dhe malazezėt janė urdhėruar qė tė tėrhiqen nga rrethimin e Shkodrės. Kishin marrė dorėzimin e saj me anė tė njė Kuisling. Esat Pasha Toptani, njė njeri i urryer tė shpėtuar nga njerėzit e klanit tė tij, ishte njė oficer nė ushtrinė turke nė Shkodėr. Kushtet ishin ofroi atij me anė tė mesme e konsullatės italiane nė Shkodėr. Ai dhe njerėzit e tij do tė lejohen tė marshojnė nga plotėsisht tė armatosura dhe ai duhet tė jetė bėrė Princi i njė Principata e vogėl nėse ai mund tė zbuloj dorėzimin e qytetit. Esat vranė atėherė komandanti turk, Husein Riza Beu, dhe pranoi malazezėt ashtu si burrat mal, qė perceptohen shumė vonė se sa ata kishin qenė tė mashtruar, ishin gati pėr tė marshuar nė lirim tė qytetit. Malazezėt vunė zjarrin e pazarit dhe tė plaēkitur atė. Fuqitė e urdhėroi malazezėt tė qartė. Ata bėnė njė pėrpjekje tė fundit dhe tė ēuditshme pėr tė mbajtur atė. Petar Plamenatz, i cili kishte bėrė guvernatori, mė ofroi postin e guvernatorit tė Shkodrės - ai tė jetė nominale dhe Guvernatori aktual - nė qoftė se unė do tė bindė fiseve pėr tė pyetur pėr sundimin e Malit tė Zi. "Ata do tė vinim pas jush", tha ai, "flasin fjalė, unė lutem." Ai ofroi ryshfet. "E pamundur," tha I. "Por, pse?" "Sepse", thashė ashpėr: "Kam qenė shumė shpesh gėnjeu." Ai nuk treguan zemėrimin. Ai tha: "Medet, mjerisht, Mlle. Kėtė herė Betohem Unė them tė vėrtetėn. "
Njė ndėrkombėtare forcės detare steamed deri lumit dhe si Admirali Burney zbarkoi ushtria e Malit tė Zi dolėn mbi urė. Shqipėria u shpėtua. Kam kaluar tė ushqyerit dimėr dhe veshje gjysmė-Scutarenes uritur dhe popullore malore.
Malet ishin plot e tė mbijetuarve mysliman, u arratis nga tokat e marra nga malazezėt dhe serbėt, duke i thėnė tregime tmerri. Burrat ishin tė pjekur nga zjarret pėr t'i bėrė ato pranojnė pagėzimin. Gratė tubuar nė kishė dhe perden tė grisura prej tyre. Nėse tė varfėrit, viktimat parėt nuk iu pėrgjigj tė nesėrmen pėr tė emrat e tyre tė krishterė ata ishin rrahur dhe nė disa raste pėrdhunuar. Dy gratė e veja mjerė tha se si serbėt kishin prerė arteriet e bėrryla dhe kyēet e duarve tė burrave tė tyre dhe tė kėrcenin rrumbullakėt, ndėrsa viktimat e tyre gjak deri nė vdekje. The pantomimė frikshėm me tė cilin ata e pėrshkruan atė e bėri tė qartė tė vėrtetėn e saj. Shkurtimisht, serbėt e quajti kėtė pastrimin e tokės.
Unė i tim mė tė mirė, gjithashtu, pėr tė mbajtur paqen nė mesin e ushtrive tė huaja tė pushtimit qė arriti dhe kishte juridiksion pėr disa dymbėdhjetė milje Shkodrės rrumbullakėt. Intrigave ėshtė shfrenuar. Pėr fat tė mirė nė disa momente vendimtar qė fiseve konsultuar mua dhe unė kam qenė nė gjendje pėr tė marrė ato pėr tė dėgjuar admirali, qė zemėruar disa oficerė tė huaj.
Z. Nevinson, i njohur korrespondent lufte dhe z. Erikson, njė misionare amerikane, arriti dhe mė pyeti pėr tė hipur me ta nėpėrmjet Shqipėrisė. Ne kemi gjetur mėnyrė tė pėrsosur mbajtur nga njė qeveri tė vogėl tė pėrkohshme nė ēdo qytet dhe u pritėn kudo. Kishte frikė e Esat tradhtari dhe shpreson se sė shpejti do tė Fuqive tė dėrgojė mbretit premtuar.
Ne shkuam nė Ohrida, ku forcat serbe ishin tė mėdha duke e bėrė tė gatshėm pėr tė luftuar bullgarėt, dhe andej nė Koritza, ku shkuam nė shkollė. Forcat e rėndė greke pushtuan qytetin. Urdhėrat ishin duke pasur parasysh se fronte dyqan ishin tė pikturuar ngjyrat greke. Ne u pėrshėndetėn si shpėtimtarėt. Grekėt e mbajti linja telegrafike dhe Koritza u shkėputur nga bota. Na ruaj nga greket ne u lut. Ne e vizituam komandant grek, kolonel Kondoulis. Ai nuk bėri asnjė fshehjen e qėllimit tė tij, jo vetėm pėr tė mbajtur Koritza, por pėr tė marrė tė gjithė Shqipėrinė e Jugut deri nė Tepeleni, pasi ai tregoi nė njė hartė. Unė protestuan se tokat shqiptare ishin krejtėsisht dhe ai nuk kishte tė drejtė ēdo gjė pėr ta. Ai u pėrgjigj: "Oreksi vjen me hahet. Ne kemi ngrėnė dhe do tė hanė mė shumė! "Thashė unė," Ai qė ha shumė, merr dhimbje barku. "Nevinson tha:" Kini kujdes, ata miqtė janė zemėruar. "
Nė kthyer nė shkollė - grekėt kishte mbyllur shkolla - ne mėsuam se ushtarėt grekė ishin bėrė njė shtėpi pėr tė vizituar shtėpinė, duke urdhėruar ēdo banor pėr tė ardhur nė njė takim publik pėr tė votuar pėr ēfarė forme e qeverisjes qė ata dėshironin. Kjo ishte e rregulluar qartė pėr tė bėrė pėrshtypje tė na. Mos ne duhet tė bėhen budallenj nga dhe vihet nė platformėn me greket, ne doli dhe oficer i dėrguar tė shkoj tė marr ne ishte shumė vonė. Ne mbėrriti vonė nė takim. Rrethuar nga trupat greke, popullsia u tha se ka votuar unanimisht tė jetė greke dhe njė telegram pėr kėtė qėllim u dėrgua nė konferencėn e Ambasadorėve nė Londėr. Nga tė dy pa dhe brenda qytetit ne u lut pėr tė shpėtuar ata. Ne punėsuar njė udhėzues dhe filloi nė dy ditė e gjysmė udhėtim tė gjatė gjurmėt mal i pėrafėrt pėr tė Vlorės e cila ishte nė duart e shqiptarėve. Nevinson hartuar njė telegram duke shpjeguar se si votojnė greke ishte marrė. Koritza ishte caktuar nė Shqipėri dhe ruajtur. Nė Vlorė, ne u takua me njė delegacion tė fellows gjobė nga Chiameria, zėnė edhe nga grekėt, tė cilėt iu lut me zell pėr tė shpėtuar, por lutja e tyre ishte e kotė.
I larguar nga Shqipėria pėr Krishtlindje, 1913 dhe u kthye nė Durrės nė muajin prill, 1914, ku Fuqitė e Evropės e kishte emėruar zu Wied Princi si Mbret. Pse ata ranė dakord pėr tė zgjedhur atė ėshtė njė mister, qė nga Franca, Rusia, Italia, grekėt dhe serbėt kishin rėnė dakord sė bashku pėr ta pėrjashtuar atė dhe lejen e asnjė ndikim gjerman nė Shqipėri.
Wied ishte njė njeri i mirė-kuptim, por kurrė nuk u dhėnė njė shans. Ai ra nė duart e tradhtari Esat Pasha, i cili shkoi tė takohet me Eliseun dhe kėshtu fituar besimin e tij se ai e bėri Esat tij ministri i Luftės. I zbarkoi nė Durrės pėr tė gjetur njė vorbull e intrigave. Komisioneri francez, njė ēifut polak i lindur nė Bosnjė (Kralewsky), mė tha se Franca kurrė nuk do tė lejonte njė Shqipėri tė pavarur, njė gazetar rus dhe Dr Dillon ishin mbėshtetjen Esat. Unė kisha njė bisedė tė gjatė me Vidi dhe iu lut qė tė mos besojnė Esat por pėr tė bėrė njė turne tė vendit me mua. Ai hezitoi shumė tė gjatė. Esat si Ministėr Lufta kishte kontrollin e armėve, ai tė armatosur njerėzit e rrethit tė tij dhe gjithashtu njė forcė tė madhe tė refugjatėve nga Dibra, e cila kishte dhėnė pėr serbėt. Ata kanė thėnė se nėse ata do tė pėrjashtojė Vidi, Dibra do t'u kthehen atyre. Ata u rrit, sinjalin pėr sulm tė dhėnė nga njė italian Muricchio, kolonel, duke pėrshėndetur njė fener tė kuq gjatė natės. Britanikėt Zėvendės-Konsulli panė atė dhe ai u arrestua. Pra ishte Esat, tė cilėt duhet tė ketė qenė nga gjykata martialled dhe shtėnė. Italianėt bėri njė trazirė tė madh, Muricchio kishte qė do tė dalė dhe tė Vidit frikė pėr tė vepruar. Secili prej Fuqive tė kishte njė luftanije qė shtrihet afėr Durrėsit dhe u vu Esat nė bordin e luftanije austriake. Italianėt pohoi atė dhe pastruar kuvertėn pėr veprim. Lufta botėrore mund tė ketė filluar, atėherė nuk e kishte lėshuar Esat Austria, i cili u mor nga italianėt nė Romė, nderuar masivisht ne menyre dhe zbukuruar.
Sulmit tė Durrėsit ishte njė dėshtim, nė dritėn e pėrpjekjeve italiane. Qyteti u mbrojt edhe nga ana e organit tė vogėl tė xhandarmėrisė holandez caktuar nga Fuqitė e si roje Wied-sė. Rebelėt paditet pėr armėpushimin, por zor se armėpushimi ėshtė bėrė, kur erdhi lajmi se grekėt ishin tė pushtuar Shqipėrinė e Jugut dhe se ishte e kėrcėnuar Koritza. Sir Harry Lamb, Komisioneri Britanik, dėrguar mua nė Vlorė pėr tė hetuar. Ajo ishte shumė e vėrtetė. Grekėt dhe serbėt kishin planifikuar njė sulm tė njėkohshme. Refugjatėt janė streaming deri nė bregdet. Vlorė u shtyhej. Nėn ēdo pemė apo strehė pėr milje pėrreth, burra, gra dhe fėmijė ishin nė rėnie tė lodhur nga njė fluturim pėr jetėn nga fshatrat e tyre djegia. Me shkėputje nga xhandarėt holandeze qė ishin nė krye tė Koritza kishte rezistuar deri mposhtur nga forcat superiore dhe pastaj kishin ikur me pjesėn tjetėr. Ata i dhanė llogaritė e tmerrshme e vuajtjet dhe vdekjet qė kanė ndodhur nė nxitojnė mbi malet.
Athinė, kur fjalė me, pjesėmarrje mohoi dhe deklaroi qė ajo tė jetė njė lokal nė rritje tė ashtuquajturit 'Epirots krishterė' kundėr myslimanėve. Kjo ishte mjaft e pavėrteta, tė krishterėt lokale bėri tė gjithė ata mund tė pėr tė ndihmuar vėllezėrit e tyre myslimane. Si Sir Harry Lamb, tha, e ashtuquajtura Epirots ishin nė Cretans fakt. Udhėheqėsi ishte njė grek, Zographos.
Njė Komiteti Ndėrkombėtar, nga tė cilat unė kam qenė njė anėtar, munduam pėr tė shpėtuar nga uria, njerėz qė vuajnė. Unė kurrė nuk do tė harroj bijtė mjerė vdes nėn pemė. I marrė, por qumėshti i kondensuar shumė pak dhe nuk ishin nė shumė pak 50.000 refugjatė. Njė racion tė vogėl tė bukės pėr kokė nė ditė ishte mė e ne mund tė bėjmė.
Grekėt u thuhet tė jetė i afrohet Vlorės. Ku ushtria ishte ne nuk e dinim. Athina ka vazhduar tė mohojnė ekzistencėn e tij. Kėshtu qė unė shkova veten udhėtim dy ditė deri vend pėr tė spiunuar pozicionin e saj. Jo shumė larg nga Tepeleni nė anėn e kundėrt tė njė lugine tė thellė kur unė crawled pėrgjatė malit, unė pashė me syzet fushė, njė kamp tė madh ushtarak me ushtarė nė, tenda kaki dhe kuaj, si ndryshe nga njė grup prej revolucionarėve lokale si mund tė jetė imagjinuar .
Unė u kthye nė nxitim e nxehtė nė njė ditė, duke shpresuar pėr tė bėrė presion ndaj Athinės, dhe gjeti se Rusia dhe Gjermania kishte shpallur luftė. Lufta e Madhe kishte filluar. Deklarata Austrisė sė luftės mbi Serbinė u prit me gėzim tė egėr nga ana e shqiptarėve. Serbėt do tė dėnohet me tė drejtė pėr vrasjen e Archduke dhe Kosova do tė rikthehet nė Shqipėri. Ne ishim tė prerė nga tė gjitha lajmet. Kalova to Brindisi pėr tė marrė lajmet, do tė thotė tė kthehen, nėse tė gjitha ishte e mirė dhe mėsuar tė alarmojė tim se ne kishim shpallur luftė dyzet e tetė orė mė parė. Nuk kishte asgjė pėr kėtė, por pėr t'u kthyer nė Angli.
Sulmi i serbėve pėr Shqipėrinė pushuar ... italianėt zbarkoi nė Vlorė dhe ndaloi pėrpara greke ... Koritza frėngjisht zėnė, shpallur njė Republikė. Gjatė luftės, edhe pse Shqipėria kishte deklaruar neutral dhe tė pavarur nga Fuqitė e, ajo ėshtė lidhur me serbe, malazeze, frėngjisht, italisht, trupat austriake dhe britanike. Princi i Vidit la mė 3 shtator dhe Esat kthyer. Deri tani rebelėt panė se ata ishin mashtruar dhe telegraf to Vidi tė kthehej, ai kurrė nuk e bėri.
Nė prill 1915, qeveria britanike bėri njė traktat tė fshehtė me tė cilėn Shqipėria do tė ishte ndarė midis Greqisė dhe serbėt, Esat tė ketė Principata e tij. Ai ka vepruar si agjent francez gjatė gjithė dhe ėshtė paguar mirė. Traktati tė fshehtė u botua nga bolshevikėt nė vitin 1917. Kolonel Hon. Aubrey Herbert formuar njė komitet tė fortė tė luftojnė pėr pavarėsinė e Shqipėrisė: Sir Samuel Hoare, Zoti Moyne dhe Zoti Harlech anėtarėt e saj, unė isha Sekretar Nderi. Ne kishim mbėshtetjen e Zotit Cecil dhe mė vonė e Zotit Balfour. Pas shumė punė e vėshtirė nė Shqipėri u bė pėrsėri njė shtet tė pavarur dhe anėtare e Lidhjes sė Kombeve, por pėr fat tė keq serbėt u lejuan pėr tė mbajtur territorin me disa 800.000 shqiptarė dhe grekėt gjithashtu mbajti Ciameria tėrėsisht shqiptare.
Tė dy serbė dhe grekė mendojnė myslimanėve, si turqit, shpronėsuar ata dhe i dėbuan nė numėr, pa para, nė Turqi. Jo vetėm njė shkolle shqiptare ka qenė e siguruar pėr ata qė mbeten. Numri i tyre ėshtė reduktuar nė mėnyrė qė t'i bėrė ato tė pafuqishme dhe ata kanė qenė tė privuar nga tė drejtat civile nė Greqi.
Kur u ktheva nė Shqipėri nė 1921, njė kėshill prej tre Regents ishte nė pushtet nė krye tė njė Parlamenti. Tė gjithė do tė dukej mirė, nuk kishte asnjė borxh kombėtar; Esat nuk guxonte pretendojnė principatė e tij dhe pėr t'u siguruar se ai nuk duhet ta bėjnė kėtė, njė e shtėnė e tij e re shqiptare nė Paris, ku ai jetonte nė tė holla frėngjisht. Outlook ishte shpresėdhėnės dhe nuk kishte rregull tė pėrsosur.
Por naftės ishte shthurje e Shqipėrisė. Ajo u besohet tė ekzistojnė nė sasi tė mėdha. Tė urtė Fan Noli prift menduar se mė mirė pėr Shqipėrinė qė tė mbetet e dobėt pėr njė kohė se sa pėr t'i dhėnė koncesione tė mėdha tė naftės pėr tė fuqive tė huaja. Tė tjerėt favorizuar pasurohen shpejt. Ahmet Zogu i Matit, i njohur tani si Mbreti Zog dhe rivale Fan Noli pėr Kryesinė, premtoi njė koncesion i madh pėr tė kompanisė anglo-persiane e naftės dhe njė nė Itali. Ai mori mbėshtetjen e Britanisė sė Madhe dhe anglo-persiane ka filluar mėrzitshėm.
Nė kujtim tė djalit tė saj, Aubrey Herbert, Elizabeth Lady Carnarvon filloi punėn e saj fisnike. Ajo e pajisur njė spital nė Vlorė, e ndėrtuar dhe tė pajisur njė bibliotekė, i dėrgoi njė scoutmaster pėr tė filluar Boy Scouts, tė cilat ishin shumė tė njohura, dhe filloi kundėr malaries punė. Oficerėt britanikė ishin emėruar pėr tė trajnuar e xhandarmėrisė. Tė gjitha dukej mirė. Mjerisht anglo-persiane nuk gjeti naftė me vlerė tė punės dhe u tėrhoq. Itali, nė tė kundėrtėn, gjetur vaj tė mirė. Sikur kemi marrė me koncesion tė cilin italianėt e, fati i Shqipėrisė do tė kishte qenė shumė tė ndryshme. Siē ishte, u bė sferėn e ndikimit italian.
Boy Scouts u shtypėn tė parė dhe nė fund oficerėve britanik hodhi poshtė. Italia ndėrmori pėr tė financuar nė Shqipėri dhe pėr tė bėrė rrugėve dhe urave. Shqipėria, e cila nė mendimin e parė tė Italisė si njė mbrojtje kundėr grekėve dhe serbėve, u bėnė ankth si Italia hapur kthetrat e saj nė thellė e mė thellė. Disa pėrpjekje tė rezistojė, tė bėra nga brezi i ri, shumė prej tė cilėve kishin qenė tė arsimuar jashtė, u shtypėn.
Pastaj erdhi e premtja fatale Mirė, kur ne tė gjithė panė dhe le tė madh mekanizuara force pėrmbytin tokėn pak dhe paraqiten Itali me kontrollin e Ngushticėn e Otrantos. Nė Durrės, e xhandarmėrisė dhe kadetėve vėnė njė luftė tė guximshme. Por luftanije bombarduar qytetin e vogėl dhe tė detyruar njė ulje. Njė incident i pėrēmuar ishte se kur aeroplanėt fluturonin mbi Tiranė, popullsia mendonin se ishin avionė nė anglisht qė vijnė pėr tė shpėtuar tė tyre. Por ata ranė broshura duke thėnė se nė qoftė se rezistenca e mėtejshme ishte ofruar, qyteti do tė shkatėrrohej. Qė nuk ka armė anti-ajrore - askush nuk mund tė ofrohen.
Shkurtimisht kjo ėshtė tregim i trishtuar e njė populli tė vogėl dhe tė bukura qė duan vetėm tė jetojnė jetėn e tyre nė tokėn e tyre. Duhet mė tej copėtimin e tokave tė tyre tė bėhet, ata janė kėrcėnuar pėr zhdukje, as pėr tė afėrmit ka treguar atyre ndonjė mėshirė. Nė vitet kur kam jetuar nė mesin e tyre, kam gjetur shqiptarėt besnik, mirėnjohės dhe mirėsi. Se ata janė shumė inteligjent vėrtetohet nga fakti se ata tė cilėt kanė arritur tė ardhur nė Angli pėr arsimin kanė marrė gradė tė mira nė Universitetin nė Londėr. Punė e bukur e tyre argjendi dhe embroideries gjobė tregojnė ata tė jenė artistėt e Ballkanit. Mos le tė tė ofrohet si njė sakrificė tė njeriut ose pėr tė qetėsuar armiqtė tonė ose marr me aleatėt tanė.
Ndryshuar pėr herė tė fundit nga FreeByrd : 07-09-2011 mė 08:03
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