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Tema: Ballkani

  1. #11
    Perjashtuar Maska e illiriani
    Anėtarėsuar
    06-05-2002
    Postime
    655

    Ballkani vater krizash - pse?

    Mos me u thellua ne trubullirat hstorike, qe tjeret shkruan me shume per Ballkanin sesa Ballkani per vetveten - po marrim disa pika kulminante - pse Ballkani esht vater krizash?

    - Ballkani nen ndikimin politik lindor
    - Ballkani pjesa vitale e Traktatit te Varshaves
    - Ballkani epiqendra politike Lindje - Perendim
    - Ballkani dhe renia e Traktatit te Varshaves

    - Ballkani - vatra e kultures europiane
    - Ballkani - nga vater kulturash ne vater krizash te thella
    - Ballkani i sllavizuar - pervec shqiptareve
    - Ballkani illirik dhe Ballkani i sllavizuar
    - ish-rfsj epiqendra politike ballkanike per gjysemshekulli (1945-1981)

    - Demosrata e Kosoves per clirim (1981) filli i krizes ballkanike
    - ish-rfsj pengu ballkanik i popujve - fuqi baroti
    - amerikanizimi ballkanik si dalje gjeo-politikisht nga Lindja ne Perendim ekonomik e politik
    - Ballkani dhe Europa
    - Ballkani dhe Vigani tejoqeanik SHBA
    - Ballkani europe politiko-ekonomike perendimore
    - Ballkani celesi i zgjidhes kombetare te ballkanasve
    - Mbajtja peng e MSKS (Mbreterise serbo-kroato-sllovene) e 11 kombeve e kombesive

    - Kosova - pike vlimi e krizes ballkanike (bombe me sahat)
    - Maqedonia fallse - fundi i krizes ballkanike
    - Zgjidhja e ceshtjes shqiptare - Ballkani i Qete!

    Ne mungese kohe, shtrova vetem disa tituj rreth te cileve do te flisnim per Ballkanin illirik dhe te sllavizuar, ne pika ekonomiko-politike dhe zgjidhja e ceshtjeve kombetare te ballkanasve)

    flasim (origjinalisht pa ndikime huazimesh)

  2. #12
    Perjashtuar Maska e illiriani
    Anėtarėsuar
    06-05-2002
    Postime
    655

    Ballkani

    e ku mbeti interesimi per Ballkanin?

  3. #13
    i/e regjistruar Maska e alumni
    Anėtarėsuar
    16-04-2002
    Postime
    203

    Milionat e Milloshevic-it

    MORE ON MILOSEVIC'S MILLIONS...

    "The Times" reported from London on 21 June that it has obtained a copy of a report from the National Bank of Yugoslavia showing how former President Slobodan Milosevic sent an unspecified quantity of gold ingots belonging to the bank out of the country toward the end of his regime (see "RFE/RL Newsline," 17 June 2002). The bank's identification seals were removed from the ingots in an unnamed Greek port, and the gold was then sent to Italy. In 1999, an unspecified quantity of antiques, artifacts, gold and silver cutlery, and rare carpets were sent from Yugoslavia to an art dealer in Beirut, who sold the goods to dealers and customers around the Mediterranean. The goods were either looted during Milosevic's wars in the Balkans or stolen elsewhere in Europe and "fenced" through Yugoslavia. PM ...AND THE TRAIL OF MONEY

    Money from the sale of the gold and goods is believed to have wound up in Milosevic's bank accounts in the Netherlands and Switzerland, although on at least one occasion a Yugoslav Army officer took the money directly to Milosevic's house, "The Times" reported on 21 June. The National Bank report names 19 suspects in the money-laundering operation, noting that Milosevic made use of the secret police, regular police, and Finance Ministry in the process. An additional source of illicit income for Milosevic was receiving kickbacks from smugglers of weapons and goods embargoed during the Western sanctions. One money-laundering group, which included two Yugoslavs and a Russian, moved some of Milosevic's money to Switzerland via Cyprus, Greece, and Lebanon. PM
    alumni,

    gjithmone nxenes

  4. #14
    Shpirt i Lirė
    Anėtarėsuar
    15-04-2002
    Postime
    898

    Ballkani, nje rajon me pak i trazuar

    Europa Juglindore nuk do te mbetet gjithnje nje rajon i trazuar. Gjate 2001 ka patur suksese te dukshme: Plani i Paqes ne Serbine Jugore, ulja e dhunes qe coi ne zgjedhjet ne Kosove, renia e ekstremizmit ne Bosnje dhe zgjidhja e krizes etnike ne Maqedoni. Kjo nuk ka sjelle parajsen e qetesise, por nje rajon me pak te trazuar



    Nga Xhorxh Robertson



    Sekretar i Pergjithshem i NATO



    Ta konsiderosh Europen Juglindore "te trazuar" eshte bere nje zakon per shume komentatore, sidomos jashte rajonit. Por ky po behet nje etiketim paksa i dale mode. Sepse, ndonese Europa Juglindore nuk eshte ende nje parajse e qetesise, ky rajon eshte sot padyshim shume me pak i trazuar nga c'ishte para nje viti kur vizitova heren e fundit Kroacine. Per shembull atehere nuk ishte aspak e qarte se komuniteti shqiptar etnik ne Serbine e Jugut do te pranonte nje plan paqeje te ofruar nga autoritetet e Beogradit. Kishte shperthime te vazhdueshme te dhunes ne Kosove qe vinin ne pikepyetje mundesine e zhvillimit te zgjedhjeve ne krahine vitin e kaluar. Ndersa ne Bosnje shperthimi i aktivitetit ekstremist sfidoi ne menyre te drejteperdrejte Marreveshjen e Paqes se Dejtonit dhe institucionet legjitime te vendit.



    Vetem 12 muaj me pare keto ishin shqetesime shume te verteta me pasoja potencialisht afatgjata per te gjithe rajonin dhe me tej. NATO punoi shume per t'i zgjidhur keto (shqetesime) se bashku me partneret e saj duke ruajtur paqen nepermjet operacioneve te fuqishme dhe duke ushtruar nje presion te fuqishem politik ndaj te gjitha paleve per t'iu permbajtur pergjegjesive nderkombetare dhe per te punuar per zgjidhjen me rruge diplomatike te mosmarreveshjeve.



    Megjithate kriza me imediate ishte konfrontimi i tensionuar mes guerileve shqiptare etnike dhe qeverise se ish-republikes jugosllave te Maqedonise. Nepermjet angazhimeve te meparshme dhe konstante NATO ishte ne gjendje, se bashku me BE-ne dhe OSBE-ne, te parandalonte nje lufte civile te pergjithshme dhe t' bindte te dyja palet te arrinin nje marreveshje politike. Si rezultat i kesaj gjendja e sigurise u permiresua dukshem vitin e kaluar. Ajo u permiresua jo vetem ne ish-republiken jugosllave te Maqedonise por edhe ne te gjithe Europen Juglindore. Duke i permbledhur te gjitha, ashtu sic u vu ne dukje nga ministrat e Jashtem dhe te Mbrojtjes se NATO-s, jane permiresuar dukshem prespektivat per nje te ardhme me te ndritur ne te gjithe rajonin.



    Aleatet e NATO-s jane inkurajuar padyshim nga ky ndryshim pozitiv dhe perpjekjet e tyre kane filluar te japin rezultat. Me ngadale, por me hapa te sigurte, rajoni dikur famekeq per konfliktet brutale po perjeton nje stabilitet te thelle dhe nje demokraci ne zhvillim dhe po afrohet me hapa te qendrueshem drejt institucioneve europiane dhe euroatlantike. Ky eshte nje avantazh per rajonin per Europen, per sigurine nderkombetare dhe me gjere. Krijimi i nje gjendjeje pergjithesisht me pozitive i ka dhene gjithashtu mundesi Aleancen te vendose per racionalizimin e operacioneve te saj ne Europen Juglindore dhe per nje perqasje me rajonale te aspekteve te caktuara te ketyre operacioneve. Pas konsultimeve me partneret qe nuk kontribuojne me trupa ne NATO, aleatet vendosen per nje seri ndryshimesh per SFOR-in dhe KFOR-in qe synojne sigurimin e force me te vogel, te manovrueshme dhe fleksibel qe do te jete me e afte ne permbushjen e sfidave aktuale.



    Ky vendim i Aleances, qe do te zbatohet me kalimin e kohes, eshte nje tregues i suksesit. Ai reflekton ndryshimin pozitiv qe eshte shume i qarte ne te gjithe rajonin dhe mbeshtetet ne bindjen se popullsia e zones dhe institucionet do te vazhdojne te marrin persiper me teper pergjegjesi per sigurine, stabilitetin dhe begatine e tyre. Dhe padyshim qe keshtu duhet te jete. Aleanca eshte e vendosur te vazhdoje te permbushe plotesisht rolin e saj per arritjen e objektivave te komunitetit nderkombetar. Ajo do t'i vere me teper theks angazhimit te vendeve te rajonit ne politikat rajonale ne bashkepunim me mekanizmat e sigurise se Keshillit te Partneritetit euroatlantik dhe te Partneritetit per Paqe. Ai do te vazhdoje te udheheqe kontigjente te qendrueshme forcash ne Kosove dhe Bosnje qe do te perqendrohen edhe me fuqishem ne sfidat aktuale te sigurise ne rajon.



    Sfidat te cilave u referohem jane te karakterit rajonal dhe nderkufitar dhe si te tilla kerkojne nje pergjigje energjike te te perbashket, si trafiku i paligjshem i qenieve njerezore, i armeve, droges, kalimi i bandave kriminale dhe terroriste qe "ushqehen" nga aktivitete te tilla kriminale; dhe mjetet qe perdorin keto banda per te nxitur si aktet kriminale ashtu edhe dhunen politike dhe etnike. Kjo nuk eshte nje detyre e re per NATO-n. Per disa vjet KFOR-i ka zbuluar dhe frenuar zhvendosjen e njerezve dhe te materialeve pergjate kufirit te Kosoves. Aleanca e Atlantikut Verior ka punuar gjithashtu me qeverite e vendeve ne rajon per t'i ndihmuar ata qe te zgjidhin ceshtjet e sigurimit ne kufij. Edhe ne kuadrin e 11 shtatorit, trupat tona kane vepruar kunder celulave terroriste.



    Aleanca do te rrise perpjekjet e saj ne keto zona ne te ardhmen, pasi ato jane vendimtare per sigurine e Europes Juglindore dhe te komunitetit me te gjere euroatlantik, pasi ato jane zona ku NATO ka provuar se mund te beje nje ndryshim, ne baze te pervojes praktike dhe profesionalizmit ne terren, duke punuar se bashku me autoritetet civile dhe organizatat e tjera nderkombetare dhe duke nxitur qendrimin e perbashket qe kerkohet per te zgjidhur keto sfida te perbashketa.



    Pavaresisht nga arritjet e vendeve ne rajon dhe te komunitetit nderkombetar, ka ende shume per te bere, ne radhe te pare nga qeverite e vendeve ne rajon. Kryesisht, ato jane pergjegjes per rregullimin e vendit te tyre, per t'iu ofruar popullsise se tyre nje te ardhme me te mire dhe per t'i bashkuar vendet e tyre me Komunitetin Euroatlantik. Natyrisht, gjeja qe ndryshon me shume ne kete kontekst eshte kursi i ardhshem i Republikes Federale te Jugosllavise. Tranzicioni i ketij vendi drejt nje demokracie te paster dhe ndihma e bashkesise nderkombetare ka kontribuar shume ne progresin e ketij rajoni keto pak vitet e kaluara. Per me teper, zbatimi i marreveshjes se ndermjetesuar nga Bashkimi Europian per ripercaktimin e marredhenieve mes Serbise dhe Malit te Zi po ecen perpara.



    Ne linje me politiken e saj te jashtme dhe te bashkepunimit, marredheniet e Jugosllavise me NATO-n jane permiresuar ne menyre sinjifikative. Autoritet e Beogradit kane ndermarre nje qendrim shume pragmatik per te punuar me Aleancen per zgjidhjen e ceshtjeve te rendesishme si psh. gjendjen e veshtire te shqiptareve etnike ne Serbine Lindore dhe pjesemarrjen e serbeve te Kosoves ne zgjedhjet e vitit te kaluar.



    Aleanca ka mirepritur gjithashtu interesimin e Jugosllavise per t'iu bashkuar Partneritetit per Paqe dhe ka propozuar te punoje me udheheqjen e vendit per te arritur progresin e nevojshem per kete objektiv. Lidhur me perspektiven per anetaresimin ne NATO, ne te duhet te perfshihet bashkepunimi i plote dhe i vazhdueshem me Gjykaten Nderkombetare per ish-Jugosllavine, reformat demokratike dhe kontrolli i ushtrise , zbatimi i plote dhe transparent i Marreveshjes se Paqes se Dejtonit, si dhe mbeshtetja e perpjekjeve te bashkesise nderkombetare ne Bosnje.



    Ne vleresimin e opsioneve te saj, Jugosllavia mund te marre sugjerime nga Kroacia, pasi Kroacia ka treguar se eshte e mundshme qe vendet ne rajon te shkeputen nga e shkuara e trazuar dhe te ndjekin nje politike drejt se ardhmes. Kroacia ka arritur progres te dukshem ne refomat e saj keto pak vitet e fundit. Dhe kjo eshte bere duke perdorur mundesite e ofruara nga Keshilli i Partneritetit Euro-Atlantik, Partneriteti per Paqe dhe Dialogu i saj i intensifikuar me NATO-n rreth ceshtjeve te anetaresimit. Kroacia ka treguar gjithashtu se eshte nje lojtare e pergjegjshme ne rajon. Ajo ka mbeshtetur perpjekjet e komunitetit nderkombetar per te garantuar stabilitetin dhe sigurine ne kete pjese te botes. Ajo ka bere perpjekje per te ndihmuar Bosnjen fqinje, procesin e saj te reformave dhe eshte kthyer ne nje lojtare kryesore rreth nje sere nismash rajonale, per te cilat une do te thoja se nuk jane bere per nje minute. E gjithe kjo eshte nje shenje e mire per pjesemarrjen Kroacise ne Planin e Veprimit te Anetaresimit ne NATO-s (MAP), Pasi MAP-i kerkon gjithashtu seriozitet dhe angazhim. Vendet aleate te NATO-s mezi presin te pranojne Programin e pare Kombetar vjetor dhe te gjallerojne progresin e Kroacise pranveren e ardhshme si hapi i pare konkret ne veprimin e Kroacise per anetaresim.



    Ky eshte besimi im i palekundur se stabiliteti dhe siguria e ardhshme e Europes Juglindore do te varet nga gatishmeria e qeverive ne rajon per te thelluar dhe shtrire bashkepunim me fqinjet. Per nje kohe te gjate aleanca i ka konsideruar perpjekjet, perfshirese dhe transparente te bashkepunimit rajonal si blloqe te rendesishme ne te gjithe arkitekturen e sigurimit Euroatlantik, qe gje qe do te thote se NATO ka qene e interesuar te ndihmoje ne zhvillimin e nismave per nje bashkepunim te tille rajonal, ne vendet baltike, Kaukaz, si dhe ne Europen juglindore.



    Ketu, ne kete rajon, ne kuadrin e Paktit te Stabilitetit te inicuar nga BE-ja per Europen Juglindore, NATO ka ndihmuar ne krijimin e programeve per ushtaraket e shkarkuar nga detyra per t'i ndihmuar ata te kalojne tranzicionin nga ushtria ne jeten civile dhe projektet per mbylljen e bazave ushtarake dhe transformimin e tyre ne objekte per nevoja civile. Keto programe kane si objektiv sfida te medha e konkrete me te cilat perballen te gjitha vendet e ketij rajoni ne permasa te ndryshme. Kjo gje me shume se cdo gje tjeter shpjegon sukseset e tyre.



    Ne fusha te tjera, NATO ka luajtur me teper nje rol lehtesues. Kjo i atribohet grupit per Sigurimin dhe Bashkepunim ne Europen Juglindore ose SEEGROUP nepermjet te cilit vete vendet e rajonit mbeshtesin procese te ndryshme per bashkerendimin e ceshtjeve. Dhe ky fakt behet i ditur ne dokumentin e angazhimit te Europes Juglindore mbi sfidat dhe mundesite e sigurimit rajonal ose SEECAP qe ben te ditur perceptimet e zakonshme te sfidave ne fushen e sigurise dhe identifikon pergjigjet e perbashketa per to. SEECAP ka nje aktivitet te dukshem pasi per here te pare vendet pjesemarrese ne menyre te qarte deklarojne se ato nuk e konsiderojne njeri-tjetrin si rrezik.



    NATO eshte treguar e afte per nxitjen e ketyre iniciativave rajonale si dhe te tjerave si keto me nje perqendrim me te paket ndaj ceshtjes se sigurise sic eshte Qendra Rajonale e Ndihmes dhe Ndihma ndaj Fatkeqesive te ngritura ne kete vend. Kroacia ka treguar nje qendrim teper konstruktiv per bashkepunimin rajonal. Ajo ka qene ithtare e iniciativave te ndryshme, e hapur ne fushen e shkembimit te informacionit dhe e afte per te mesuar nga pervoja e te tjereve.



    Bashkepunimi rajonal mund te ndertoje nje besim me te madh ne vetvete dhe reciprok me te tjeret. Ai mund te nxise shkallen e nivelit ekonomik, bashkepunimin ne fushen e Mbrojtjes dhe specializimin e roleve duke inkurajuar vendet e te njejtit mendim per te grumbulluar resurset ne menyre qe ta bejne sigurine e tyre me te efektshme. Me lejoni te jap edhe nje koment te fundit mbi bashkepnimin rajonal. Nganjehere komentohet se bashkepunimi rajonal i suksesshem mund te shtype aspiratat per anetaresim ne NATO. Ky shqetesim eshte teresisht pa baza. Per shkak se eshte larg te qenit problematik bashkepunimi i sukseshem rajonal aktualisht eshte nje pike e fuqishme mbeshtetjeje per anetaret qe aspirojne per tu anetaresuar ne NATO.



    NATO eshte nje organizate brenda te ciles vendet anetare punojne se bashku, grumbullojne resurset dhe zhvillojne politikat e tyre nepermjet konsensusit. Bashkepunimi i suksesshem rajonal nuk pergatit vetem aspirante per anetaresim ne NATO. Ai u demonstron gjithashtu aleateve aktuale te NATO-s se ata qe aspirojne jo vetem qe i kuptojne sakrificat dhe angazhimet qe perfshin bashkepunimi ne fushen e sigurise por ne te vertete deshirojne qe t'i vene ne zbatim ato.



    Thjesht eshte gabim te shprehemi se Europa Juglindore eshte dhe do te mbetet gjithnje nje rajon i trazuar. Ka patur nje sukses te dukshem gjate vitit te kaluar dhe ekzistojne te gjitha arsyet per te patur besim se progresi do te arrihet. NATO mbetet teper e angazhuar ndaj Europes Juglindore dhe ndaj objektivave te komunitetit nderkombetar per ta ndihmuar kete rajon qe te behet pjese e familjes se madhe europiane. Forcat e udhehequra nga NATO ne rajon do te vazhdojne te perqendrohen ne sfidat kryesore qe kane te bejne me sigurine. NATO do te vazhdoje t'i angazhoje vendet e rajonit nepermjet EAPC-se dhe PfP-se dhe do te ruaje te hapur prespektiven e nje anetaresimi te mundshem ne NATO. Edhe pse partneriteti yne ne teresi do te thellohet me nje perqendrim te madh ndaj kercenimeve si terrorizmi dhe nje roli me te madh te partnereve ne operacionet e PfP-se te udhehequra nga NATO, aleanca do te vazhdoje te nxise gjithashtu bashkepunimin rajonal. Vete NATO perben nje deshmi te gjalle te meritave qe ka bashkepunimi rajonal. Ai eshte nje iniciative qe coi ne krijimin e NATO-s ne vitin 1949. Ai qendron ne qender te cdo objektivi, qe aleanca ka qene ne gjendje te arrije gjate gjysem shekullit te kaluar. Kjo gje, parashtroj une, nuk eshte nje shembull i keq per te mos u ndjekur.



    Fjala ne Konferencen Nderkombetare "Stabiliteti Rajonal dhe Bashkepunimi", mbajtur dje ne Zagreb




    --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Korrieri, 06/25/2002

  5. #15
    I Djathtė
    Anėtarėsuar
    16-04-2002
    Vendndodhja
    Deutschland
    Postime
    713

    Ballkani dhe skllaveria e seksit

    Ballkani dhe skllaveria e seksit

    Ballkani dhe skllaveria e seksit



    Organizata Boterore e Migracionit publikon raportin: Rreth 120 000 gra dhe vajza te reja jane cdo vit viktima te trafikut te qenieve njerezore, qe kane si destinacion Bashkimin Europian, kryesisht nepermjet Ballkanit



    SARAJEVE - Afro 90% e prostitutave te Europes Juglindore jane viktima te trafikut te qenieve njerezore, qe eshte perhapur ne menyre alarmante gjate viteve te fundit, dhe shenjestra e privilegjuar e te cilit jane vajzat e reja 18-vjecare, sipas nje raporti te organizatave nderkombetare te botuar dje ne Sarajeve.



    Sipas Organizates Nderkombetare te Migracionit (IOM), afro 120 000 gra dhe vajza te reja jane cdo vit viktima te trafikut te qenieve njerezore, qe kane si destinacion Bashkimin Europian, kryesisht nepermjet Ballkanit, ndersa rreth 10. 000 gra, kryesisht nga Moldavia, Rumania dhe Ukraina, punojne ne industrine e seksit ne Bosnje.



    Ne raport terhiqet, gjithashtu, vemendja mbi "nje numer ne rritje rastesh te femijeve me pak se 18 vjec (...) qe jane viktima te trafikut per qellime shfrytezimi seksual, apo per pune te detyruar". Ky studim u krye me kerkesen e Organizates per Siguri dhe Bashkepunim ne Europe (OSBE), Fondacionit te Kombeve te Bashkuara per Femijet (UNICEF) dhe Zyres per te drejtat e Njeriut ne Kombet e Bashkuara.



    Ky raport shqyrtonte trafikun e qenieve njerezore, te kontrolluar nga disa rrjete kriminale nga me te medhenjte ne bote ne tete vende, Shqiperi, Bullgari, Bosnje-Hercegovine, Kroaci, Jugosllavi, Maqedoni, Moldavi dhe Rumani. Paqendrueshmeria, ligjet e dobeta dhe varferia ne keto vende, figurojne vecanerisht ne shkaqet e rritjes se trafikut te qenieve njerezore, te cituara ne raport.



    Duke qene te diskriminuara ne tregun e tyre te punes, vajzat dhe grate e reja perpiqen te gjejne vende pune jashte vendit duke u kthyer lehte ne viktima te trafikanteve, thuhej ne raport. Sipas vleresimeve te organizatave joqeveritare (OJQ), "me shume se 2 000 femije shqiptare kane qene viktima te trafikut drejt Greqise", ndersa "80 % e personave, qe kane qe kane qene viktima te trafikut nga Shqiperia, jane adoleshente me pak se 18 vjec". Vec te tjerash, nga 10 %-30 % e prostitutave ne rajon jane minorene.



    Nuk ka prova per trafikun e djemve per prostitucion, megjithe ekzistencen e raporteve anekdotike qe kane te bejne me trafikun e tyre drejt Europes Perendimore per prostitucionin e meshkujve dhe transplantimin e organeve. Sipas raportit, trafiku i qenieve njerezore konsiderohet ne vendet e Europes Juglindore si nje problem imigracioni dhe jo si nje shkelje e te drejtave te njeriut, gje per te cilen shprehet keqardhja ne raport, meqenese viktimat trajtohen si kriminele.



    Vetem 35 % e viktimave njihen si te tille dhe te tilla, ndersa vetem 7 % kane perfituar nga nje asistence dhe mbeshtetje afatgjate, saktesohej ne raport. Rrjetet e trafikut te qenieve njerezore nisen nga Moldavia, Ukraina dhe ish-republika te tjera sovjetike qe sigurojne pjesen me te madhe te skllaveve te seksit, duke kaluar neper Rumnai dhe Bullgari dhe me pas nga vendet e dala nga ish-RFJ-ja, Bosnje, Kroaci, Maqedoni dhe Jugosllavi perpara se arrijne ne Europen perendimore.



    Nder te tjera, korrupsioni i doganiereve qe bashkepunojne me trafikantet, vleresohet me teper, sipas raportit, si nje "lidhje e perbashket sesa si nje perjashtim". Ne raport njihen disa perparime te arritura nga qeverite lokale per trajtimin e problemit, por ato konsiderohen si jo te kenaqshme. Ai u rekomandon, ne fakt, qeverive zbatimin e ligjit kunder trafikanteve apo miratimin e nje legjislacioni te ri antitrafik.



    Kushte edhe sugjerime te tjera, nder te cilat pjesemarrja e OJQ-ve dhe organizatave nderkombetare per te ndihmuar ne zbatimin e planeve te veprimit te luftes kunder trafikut te qenieve njerezore dhe per sensibilizimin e popullsise mbi kete problem. Ne raport inkurajohen gjithashtu organizatat nderkombetare per te sjelle nje ndihme teknike dhe per te financuar OJQ-te dhe qeverite lokale.




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    Korrieri, 07/05/2002
    Por sot, Shqypni, pa m'thuej si je?

  6. #16
    Shpirt i Lirė
    Anėtarėsuar
    15-04-2002
    Postime
    898

    Nga zgjedhjet ne Maqedoni

    fitues nuk doli partia e kryeministrit aktual maqedonas Ljupco Georgievski, por Partia SocialDemokrate (SDSM)e Branko Crvenkovski.
    Surpriza ne keto zgjedhje ishte dhe nje votebesim qe popullata shqiptare i dha liderit te UĒK per Maqedonine, Ali Ahmetit dhe Unionit Demokratik te kryesuar prej tij, ndersa Arber Xhaferri e partia e tij nuk ishin favorit kesaj rradhe.

    Interesant do jete te shohim zhvillimin e ngjarjeve tani qe Ahmeti ka marre % votash dhe eshte i zgjedhur ne parlamentin maqedonas, kur kundra tij ka dale nje deklarim arresti.
    Pra a do bashkepunojne shqiptaret e maqedonet pas ketyre zgjedhjeve.

  7. #17
    i/e regjistruar Maska e alumni
    Anėtarėsuar
    16-04-2002
    Postime
    203

    Me Cilin iu Ngjajne Pehlivanlliqet Rumune?

    http://rferl.org/nca/features/2002/0...2002165713.asp

    Romania: Bucharest Walking Tightrope Between U.S. And Europe As ICC Dispute Continues
    By Eugen Tomiuc

    Romania looks likely to postpone parliamentary debate on ratifying a bilateral agreement with Washington exempting U.S. personnel from prosecution by the International Criminal Court, or ICC. Romania's decision to sign the agreement triggered harsh criticism from the European Union, which opposes such bilateral deals. Bucharest now says it will wait until the EU and the United States settle their differences regarding the ICC -- something EU foreign ministers are attempting to do during their meeting today in Brussels. Analysts say Bucharest is attempting to mend the rift with the EU while preserving its good relations with the United States ahead of the NATO summit in November, where Romania hopes to secure an invitation to join the alliance.

    Prague, 30 September 2002 (RFE/RL) -- Romania, a country in need of powerful friends, appears to be walking a delicate tightrope between Europe and the United States.

    The Romanian parliament has postponed debate on the ratification of a bilateral treaty with the United States exempting U.S. personnel from prosecution by the International Criminal Court.

    President Ion Iliescu now says debate will not proceed until the European Union member states reach a common position in their dispute with the United States over the ICC.

    Nicolae Vacaroiu, speaker of the Romanian Senate (parliament's upper chamber), told RFE/RL that no date has yet been set for debating the bilateral treaty. "The answer is very simple: There is no such date; the agreement has not been sent to the Romanian parliament's two chambers, that is, the Senate and the Chamber of Deputies. We are expecting the completion of a common position between the U.S. and the European Union regarding this issue, the completion of negotiations between the U.S. and the EU," Vacaroiu said.

    Romania is the only EU candidate so far to sign a bilateral agreement with the United States on the ICC, which Washington has staunchly resisted, fearing the international court would pose a threat to U.S. personnel serving throughout the world.

    Bucharest's willingness to sign the U.S. agreement was seen as an attempt to drum up support for Washington for its NATO entry bid. The military alliance is meeting in November to decide which candidates will receive invitations, and Romania is considered a likely choice.

    But Romania's bid to join the European Union has been more difficult. Along with Bulgaria, it is lagging far behind the other 10 candidates, and is not expected to be included in the union's 2004 expansion.

    Bucharest's decision to sign the U.S. agreement in August drew strong criticism from European quarters, prompting fears that Romania's EU bid would be set back even further.

    European Commission President Romano Prodi said the signing of the accord will not affect Romania's annual EU progress report, which is due to be released in early October. But Prodi also urged Bucharest to consult with the EU in the future before signing any such agreements.

    The ICC has proved a divisive issue for the EU, with U.S. allies like Britain and Italy appearing more and more willing to strike a compromise with Washington over the court's jurisdiction. Washington has refused to ratify the Rome statute creating the ICC until it receives assurances that its service personnel will be immune from prosecution.

    EU foreign ministers meeting today in Brussels appear to have inched closer to a common position. The ministers were expected to agree on a compromise under which individual EU member states could sign immunity agreements with the United States as long as the deals respect the ICC statute.

    Under the deal, the U.S. would reportedly have to guarantee that Americans accused of abuses will be tried in their own country. The United States will also have to drop the demand for blanket exemptions.

    As the United States and Europe jockey for advantage in the contentious ICC dispute, Romania may be trying to avoid being caught in the middle.

    Analyst Steven Everts of the London-based Center for European Reform is an expert on U.S.-European relations. Everts told RFE/RL that Romania is correct not to proceed with the ratification of its agreement with Washington. "I think it's wise of the Romanians to say 'Well, we'll put the ratification of this bilateral treaty on hold while we try to contribute with the other European countries on how to handle this American request in a sensible and pragmatic manner.' It's wrong to go along with American requests for blanket exemptions, but maybe this compromise that's now being discussed -- of exempting only U.S. soldiers that operate under a [United Nations] mandate -- maybe that's a sensible way forward. And maybe Romania and other countries like it, both outside and inside the EU, won't have to choose between supporting either the U.S. or the EU," Everts said.

    But some commentators say Romania was wrong in the first place, in rushing to sign the deal in hopes of gaining more U.S. support for its NATO bid.

    Everts agrees that Bucharest's decision was hasty and was made without proper consultation with its EU partners. "Well, it would have been better, I think, for the overall image of the quality of the Romanian diplomacy if they had not signed this agreement so quickly. It would have been perfectly respectable for Romania to say: 'Well, America, listen, you have an interesting proposal. We want to study it carefully, but we also want to engage in discussions with our friends in the rest of Europe, among them very close friends of yours.' There are many countries inside the EU that want to be helpful to America as well, but [the Romanians] should have held off, I think, initially. There was no need to sign this agreement so quickly," Everts said.

    But Romanian Senate speaker Vacaroiu defends the decision to sign the agreement. He said that in the absence of a common EU stance on the issue, Bucharest acted in its own best interest. "Romania above all pursued its national interest and its immediate priority of joining NATO. There were consultations. This agreement was signed in August. There were discussions with some EU officials -- of course, not talks of the highest level, because it was during the summer vacation. Romania did not violate the ICC statute. We signed this statute and analyzed it very carefully. There is an article which permits bilateral agreements. Besides, at the time, there was no common EU position on the issue; there was no interdiction," Vacaroiu said.

    Vacaroiu said that if an EU position had existed, Romania would have acted differently.

    Romanian Foreign Minister Mircea Geoana, whose ministry signed the agreement with Washington, has declined to comment on the issue. "Pure and simple, for me the subject is closed. Since yesterday's [26 September] discussions with [European Commission President Romano] Prodi, the subject is closed and I'm not commenting on it at all," Geoana said.

    Analyst Everts said that Bucharest, in postponing the ratification of the agreement with Washington, is not endangering its NATO bid. He said Romania can still prove its ability to contribute to continental security. "I think the Romanians can make a compelling case that their candidature for NATO membership rests on a broader philosophy of what NATO is for: spreading stability further eastwards on the European continent, the strategic role that Romania plays in promoting stability in the Balkans, et cetera, rather than focusing exclusively on how Romania does or does not behave in this particular instance of the ICC," Everts said.

    Senate speaker Vacaroiu also said he believes that Romania has made a strong case for NATO membership. He said Bucharest, which has participated in peacekeeping missions in Bosnia and Kosovo and has sent troops to Afghanistan, already regards itself as a de facto NATO member.
    alumni,

    gjithmone nxenes

  8. #18
    i/e regjistruar Maska e alumni
    Anėtarėsuar
    16-04-2002
    Postime
    203

    Maqedonia dhe Korridori Beograd-Selanik

    www.porttechnology.com

    A Secure and Expedited Freight Corridor from Belgrade to Thessaloniki
    By Glenn Levine, September 2002

    Extract from the speech by Glenn Levine, Adjunct Fellow, Center for Strategic & International Studies, Washington DC. Presented to the Macedonian National Security Advisor on Transportation and Energy Matters in the South Balkans at the office of the President "Process 2002 Roundtable on Macedonian National Security"

    Mr. Chairman,
    Your Excellencies,
    Distinguished colleagues,

    It was an honor to receive your invitation to come to Skopje. And it is a privilege to present one's views to this forum, which is serving such an important role in your country's dialogue on security policy. I am especially grateful to President Trajkovski and to the Government of Macedonia for this opportunity, and to the Konrad Adenauer Society for their generosity and assistance in making my travel here possible.

    I speak only for myself today and I would like to discuss the nature of the USMacedonia relationship, and how I think it could be strengthened in the coming years. Macedonia's relationship with the US is very good, my observation, however, is that it could be much better. I say this because the current relationship seems rather transient, but this is not surprising given its derivative nature. I think the word "derivative" is descriptive because the relationship has been driven by events that were essentially non-Macedonian: the war in Bosnia, an overall Balkan policy driven by the hostility to Milosevic that captivated the Clinton administration, and then the Kosovo War. The US enthusiasm for Macedonia has tracked our involvement in these other affairs. Now, with the Bush Administration revisiting the merits of US engagement in Bosnia and Kosovo, I think it is timely, and useful, to consider whether there are substantive and shared interests on which Macedonia can sustain a long-term security relationship with the US, especially if, in time, the US disengages in Bosnia and Kosovo. This seems particularly important at the moment because no one in Macedonia or the US seems to be articulating what those common interests may be beyond the very derivative concerns that are about to be re-evaluated. Until those concerns are redefined or real and direct interests are articulated, the US Macedonia relationship will remain unclear and fickle.

    I see two compelling interests that Macedonia and the US should be working to advance. They are related to transportation security and energy security. These issues dominate US policy planning today. We fear that the worldwide commercial transportation system can be used to conceal and deliver another attack against our allies and us. We also see the need to insure that the West's oil supplies are secure from disruption, and this means minimizing dependence on oil from the Persian Gulf and Arabian Peninsula, largely by looking to Russian sources for energy.

    The transportation security problem is the most immediate for us and for you. To appreciate the problem, we should quickly review how the worldwide container shipping system works. 90% of the world's trade by value moves in standardized 40-foot by 8-foot steel boxes called "shipping containers." There are between 10 and 20 million of these containers circulating throughout the world all the time. A typical container shipment starts when a producer loads its goods inside a container that is sitting on the back of a truck. The truck carries the container to a port, where it is placed on a ship designed to carry these standardized boxes. Manifests and other documentation describing the container's contents accompany it, and if the Customs authorities recognize the parties sending and receiving the goods, and everything else about the cargo seems routine, the container is loaded aboard ship without a physical inspection. All of this is done with the truck driver, the port operator, and the ship captain working under tight times schedules.

    Typically, the ship that first receives a container does not transport it directly to its final destination. Instead, it delivers the container to a transhipment hub, a mega-port like Rotterdam, where many containers are collected and sorted for transport to their ultimate destination. Cargo bound for North America moves travels to Thessaloniki's container port, and from there to a hub at Rotterdam, Genoa or Bremerhaven, before crossing the Atlantic. Each year, approximately 165,000 containers pass through the Port of Thessaloniki, which is the container port closest to Macedonia.

    The US receives 16 million container shipments a year. Almost 6 million arrive by ship. Because we are concerned that terrorists will try to hide a nuclear weapon inside one of them, the US Government announced a new inspection program called the "Container Security Initiative." Its purpose is to protect the integrity and efficiency of the container-based international trade system by (1) identifying high-risk containers, (2) using technology to screen containers before they arrive in the US, and (3) developing "smart containers" that will alert police if a container is opened after it is inspected and locked. The US and the countries that operate the 10 mega-ports in Western Europe and Asia are undertaking this program to separate "routine" from "high-risk" containers as they pass through the hubs. And this is what I see creating a serious problem for Southeast Europe.

    It is my opinion that all of the containers coming from Macedonia, and from Macedonia's immediate neighbors to the north and west, are high-risk. They all need to be inspected. I do not know whether al Queda operates in the Balkans, but the 1998 "Returnees from Albania case" and the repeated closures of the US Embassy in Tirana for security concerns indicate the some groups hostile to the US are present. One can also surmise that the groups in Kosovo that are reputed to move heroin from the former Soviet Central Asian Republics can also move, with the same ease, whatever sort of weapons may be available in Central Asia to a high bidder. And I understand that prostitutes and refugees travel through the region in shipping containers for much less than the cost of an airplane ticket, raising both humanitarian and organized crime concerns. The combination of these factors holds your country and this region's industry hostage. Given the potential for dangerous cargo to be hidden inside containers passing through Macedonia and elsewhere in the region, it would be irresponsible for any American port to accept a ship that is carrying a container originating here, unless that container has been inspected carefully. But because there is no feeder port serving this region that implements the strict cargo security guidelines that the US and West Europeans will soon demand, I am concerned that when your containers reach a West European hub, inspectors there will need between 2 to 4 hours to unload, search and reload each container. The effect is to put Southeast European cargo at the back of the queue. This will be yet another obstacle to entire region's economic development.

    But there is an answer that enhances Macedonia's security, and the overall integrity of the international container shipping system: A few weeks ago, the Washington Post reported that the owners of some of the big Greek shipping lines met with the US Department of Transportation and US Customs. The newspaper reported that the discussions were about shared American and Greek interests in making maritime commerce secure against use by terrorists. I assume the parties talked about ideas for the sort of security guidelines that port and ship operators everywhere should implement to maintain the privilege of calling on US ports. This makes me think again about the 165,000 containers that moved through the Port of Thessaloniki last year, and how each one is a potential risk to the entire container system.

    With the Olympics approaching, the worst thing for Greece would be a terrorist incident within its transportation system. And in Macedonia you realize that any disruption to Greek ports would harm you as much as when they were closed to your trade by official policy. I see an alignment of interests between the US, Greece and Macedonia that you should consider exploring. I would encourage you to invite your counterparts in Greece and Serbia to think about designing and implementing a cargo security plan for containerized traffic moving along Pan- European Transport Corridor 10, the north-south road and rail route from the Port of Thessaloniki to Budapest. I believe that a broad spectrum of business and government leaders in Greece would be receptive to a plan that would enhance the security of the cargo entering their country, and that your own industry will support an effort that expedites access to the Port of Thessaloniki. And based on my observation of events in Washington since September 11, I think that the Bush administration would see a Macedonian contribution to container security in a very favourable light.

    There are four concrete, interlocking steps that I recommend for your consideration:
    Pilot Project. The first is to initiate discussion with the Greek and Yugoslav governments about a "quick start" pilot project to apply off-the-shelf, commercially available container seal, smart card, GPS, biometric and x-ray technologies to transform Corridor 10 into an expedited and secure freight corridor. The technology for such a project is ready now. My research shows that the costs are so modest that implementation becomes a question of engaging politicians' imagination rather than one of overcoming technical challenges.

    Industry Partnership Program. A good commercial security system cannot rely on technology alone. Governments need private companies to voluntarily comply with security standards. The groundwork for engaging the region's private sector in a cargo security program started in February 2002, when the Macedonian Chamber of Commerce's Transport and Trade Facilitation Committee, called MAKPRO, sent a representative to Washington to meet with the US officials that are dealing with container security. The national trade facilitation committees in Albania, Bulgaria, Greece, Bosnia, Croatia and Romania joined their Macedonian colleague in those meetings. Your private sector is already aware of the problem.

    Regional Cargo Security Agreement. The next step to energizing cross-border trade in the region is to satisfy public safety concerns. Last June, seven members of the Stability Pact concluded a regional trade agreement. But since then, we have seen transport disputes among Slovenia, Croatia and Bosnia over cargo that is deemed hazardous; and normal commercial transport between Macedonia, Albania, Kosovo, and Serbia remains fanciful until security issues are resolved. I think that Macedonia could show creative leadership by calling for a Southeast European Cargo Security Agreement that coordinates cargo security practices and technical standards for smart container seals, biometric-based Schengen transit visas for truck drivers, and a container warning system based on geographic positioning satellites. Such an agreement could be freestanding or an addendum to the existing Stability Pact regional trade agreement.

    SECI Transnational Crime Center ? monitoring inspections and data use. Because Corridor 10 is an international transport route use by truckers and shippers of many nationalities, it will be fair and prudent to engage the multilateral SECI Trans-Border Crime Center in Bucharest to support this effort. In that one facility, police officers from every country in this region, plus the EU and the US, work together on cross-border crime issues. Let us give them some more work, particularly work that focuses them on a critical mission: facilitating the legitimate commerce that makes democratic society meaningful, while preventing our enemies from using the commercial transport system to move weapons of mass destruction and the narcotics that will pay for them. Multinational teams of law enforcement officers dispatched by the Center can conduct cargo security audits that insure the integrity of the system for Corridor 10. And because the threats to security along Corridor 10 will be as diverse as the road's users, it will be useful to employ a broad base of analytical and law enforcement talent to monitor it for new vulnerabilities, whether they come from those sympathetic to al Queda or from self-interested border officials. The difference may be without a distinction as we try to secure the transport and trade system from being used as an instrument of terror.

    Data Handling and Privacy. Enhancing cargo security in this manner requires that governments collect and use information about the businesses and about the people who are involved in transporting and handling freight. Some information, like the biometrics that support "smart visas" are highly personal. How that information is used and retained raises subtle questions about the relationship of citizens to the various governmental bodies that might seek access to that information. I do not think that governments are particularly good at determining the right balance among security, commerce and privacy. From the beginning of any cargo security program, I would make sure that respected human rights and religious institutions have a monitoring role to minimize the chance that personal information is abused or accidentally misused.

    Taking action on the container security problem will do much for the region's overall trading system and will anchor Macedonia's security into a larger framework that will be carefully observed by the US and the EU.
    alumni,

    gjithmone nxenes

  9. #19
    Shpirt i Lirė
    Anėtarėsuar
    15-04-2002
    Postime
    898

    Angry BE dhe Turqia

    Mė shumė sinqeritet kundrejt Ankarasė - BE duhet tė mbajė nė fuqi opcionin e antarėsimit tė Turqisė
    Koment nga Reiner Solih


    Indinjatė dhe zhgėnjim nė Turqi: Nė raportin e Komisionit Evropian mbi pėrparimet e vendeve aspirante pėr antarėsim, nuk pėrmendet data konkrete pėr antarėsimin e Turqisė, ashtu sic shpresonte Ankaraja.

    Ta themi troē: Turqia nuk ka tė drejtė tė natyrshme pėr t“u antarėsuar nė BE. Kjo e drejtė nuk mund tė argumentohet as me besnikėrinė afagjatė ndaj aleancės tė njė vendi si Turqia qė ė shtė antare e NATO-s dhe as me frikėn, se ndoshta fundamentalistėt nė Ankara njė ditė mund tė marrin nė dorė pushtetin, kjo e drejtė nuk mund tė argumentohet as me orientimin evropian tė vendit qė nga koha e Qemal Ataturkut. Madje as marrėveshja e asocijimit e nėnshkruar nė votet 60 me ish-Komunitetin Evropian nuk presupozon ndonjė perspektivė konkrete pėr antarėsim.

    Sidoqoftė ėshtė i kuptueshėm zemėrimi i Turqisė ndaj raportit tė Komisionit Evropian. Ankaraja, tė paktėn nė letėr, ka bėrė pėrparime tė jashtėzakonshme nė drejtim tė demokracisė dhe tė tė drejtave tė njeriut. Shembull pėr kėtė janė heqja e dėnimit me vdekje dhe lejimi i mėsimit nė gjuhėn kurde nė shkollat turke, kėrkesa kėto tė parashtruara vazhdimisht si kusht nga BE-ja pėr antarėsimin e Turqisė. Qeveritarėt nė Ankara i kanė realizuar kėto reforma duke pėrballuar rezistencėn e fortė nė politikėn e brendshme, mė shpresė se Brukseli do t“i bėnte njė lėshim tjetėr duke pėrcaktuar datėn e antarėsimit vendit, i cili nė vitin 1999 me mbėshtetjen e Gjermanisė u pranua si kandidat. Ndonėse pėrcaktimi i datės sė antarėsimit nuk do tė nėnkuptonte aspak afatin real tė antarėsimit, sepse ky akt varet nga respektimi i disa standardeve minimale tė pėrcaktuara evropiane. Faktikisht kėto standarde Ankaraja nuk i ka pėrmbushur as nė aspektin ekonomik dhe as nė atė politik.
    B Mbetet tė pritet, nėse sugjerimet e Komisionit Evropian pėr tė mos e pėrmbushur dėshirėn e Turqisė, do tė aprovohen nė takimin e nivelit tė lartė tė kryetarėve tė shteteve dhe tė qeverive tė BE-sė nė dhjetor. Por tani njė gjė ėshtė e qartė: vendimi i djeshėm do tė dobėsojė pozitat e forcave politike nė Turqi qė synojnė afrimin me BE-nė nė zgjedhjet parlamentare tė nėntorit. Ky ėshtė njė sinjal negativ edhe pėr bisedimet e mėtejshme lidhur me cėshtjen e Qipros.

    Sėrish u bė e qartė, se nė dialogun me Turqinė evropianėve u mungon ndershmėria. Pavarėsisht nga pėrbetimet qė tingėllojnė krejt ndryshe nuk ėshtė sekret fakti qė shumė antarė tė BE-sė preferojnė mė mirė qė Turqia tė mbetet jahstė radhėve tė tyre. Argumentat kryesore janė; Turqia ėshtė shumė e madhe me njė kulturė disi tė huaj dhe gjeografikisht vetėm njė pjesė e vogėl e kėtij vendi shtrihet nė Evropė. Qė tė gjitha kėto qėndrojnė. Megjithatė antarėsimi i Turqisė nė BE ka edhe avantazhe kryesisht nė aspektin strategjik pėr unionin.

    Pa Turqinė nuk ėshtė e mundur tė ndiqet me efikasitet njė poliitkė evropiane e sigurisė dhe e mbrojtjes nė Lindjen e mesme apo nė Ballkan. Turqia ka gjithashtu njė funksion kyc nė drejtim tė angazhimit ekonomik nė Kaukaz dhe nė Azinė Qendrore tė pasur me naftė. Dhe c“ėshtė mė e rėndėsishmja nuk ka asnjė arėsye tė qėndrueshme pėr ta pėrkufizuar BE-nė si njė klub tė vendeve tė krishtera. Kjo pasi vlerat e pėrbashkėta tė evropianėve nuk bazohen tek feja.

    Natyrisht antarėsimi i Turqisė nė BE vazhdon tė mbetet i largėt. Pėr kėtė duhet tė plotėsohen fillimisht kushtet ekonomike dhe politike. Por ky opcion duhet tė jetė nė fuqi e madje edhe tė nxitet mė me forcė nga evropianėt.

    © DW 2002

  10. #20
    Shpirt i Lirė
    Anėtarėsuar
    15-04-2002
    Postime
    898

    Arrow Dosjet sekrete te Komitetit Qendror te PK te Bullgarise

    Nikolai Cekov


    Informacionet i perkasin arkives se Komitetit Qendror te Partise Komuniste te Bullgarise dhe arkivit te shefit komunist te shtetit dhe partise Todor Zhivkov. Ne keto dokumenta sipas botuesve hidhet drite edhe per nje numer konfliktesh te tjera qe kane ekzistuar gjate periudhes se luftes se ftohte. Ne to botohen pervec fjalimeve zyrtare edhe korrespondenca personale e Zhivkovit me Leonid Brezhnjevin, Ricard Nixonin, Helmut Kolin, Nikolae Causheskun, Sadam Huseinin dhe politikane te tjere te larte.

    Buglaria ishte shtet satelit i ish BS dhe ne materiale duket qarte konfrontimi Lindje - Perendim. Cuditerisht ne te thuhet se pervec ndihmes ekonomike nga Moska, Bullgaria kishte nevoje edhe per ndihme nga Perendimi te cilen e siguroi gjithashtu. Solidariteti i ngushte me Rusine dallohet edhe tek vizitat e shumta te Zhivkovit ne Kremlin. Gjate 33 viteve qe qendroi ne pushtet, ai e vizitoi 67 here Mosken. Kerkesa konstante e tij ishte ndihma per ekonomine problematike socialiste. Madje mund te thuhet tashme se heqja dore nga politika e vet e jashtme per te siguruar me shume rubla nga Rusia vazhdoi derisa Gorbacovi erdhi ne pushtet ne vitin 1995.

    Sovjetiket i besonin edhe shume detyra aleatit te vet me te besuar. Keshtu Zhivkovit ju kerkuar disa here te nderhyje prane histerikut Caushesku qe te korrigjonte politiken e jashtme e cila ishte shpesh here irrituese. Moska ishte e zemeruar me shume se njehere sepse Rumania po distancohej nga Pakti i Varshaves dhe kishte kontakte me politikane te rendesishem perendimore.

    Padyshim ish Ministri i Jashtem Gjerman Hans Ditrih Gensher si dhe ish Kancelari Helmut Kohl jane emrat qe permenden me shume neper arkiva si vizitore te huaj. Gensher e kishte vizituar nente here Zhivkovin. Ne pershkrimet e takimeve thuhet ne vitin 1984 Kryetari i Shtetit Bullgar e akuzoi mikun se Boni nuk kishte nje politike te veten te jashtme. Zhivkov kishte deklaruar se banoret e Gjermanise Lindore jane tashme nje popull krejt tjeter pasi ata kane perqafuar dhe jetojne me idealet komuniste.

    Rezolutat sekrete te komitetit qendror te partise komuniste flasin edhe per shitje armesh qe Bullgaria ka bere ne Kube dhe ne vende te tjera pro sovjetike ne Azi dhe Afrike. Keshtu sipas nje rezolute sekrete me arme te lehta u pajisen ne 1976 komunistet ne Liban, Laos, Angola, Mozambik dhe Jemenin e Jugut. Ne to kishte automatike, mina hedhes, municione, mjete komunikimi, ushqime dhe rroba. Shuma kapte shifren e 12 milion dollareve.

    Ne te njejtin vit Zhivkovi zhvilloi bisedime personale me liderin e Libise Gjeneralin Muhamer Gadafi per te ndermjetesuar me qellim qe revolucioni i filluar te shtrihej edhe ne vende te tjera te botes arabe. Kjo ishte nje platforme qe i pelqeu shume liderit libian pasi ai u shpreh me vone se " pa BS ne jemi krejtesisht te humbur ".

    Zhivkovi kerkoi ne nentor te 1974 nje ndihme te konsiderueshme financiare prej Shahut Pahlevi te Iranit me nje vlere prej rreth 160 milion dollare amerikane. Shefi i shtetit bullgar i tregoi Byrose Politike se i kishte thene Shahut se ne do ta ndertojme dhe kobnsolidojme socializmin, ne rast se ju na jepni apo jo para. Por historia megjithate do te tregoje se nje mbret financoi strukturat e nje shoqeria progresive socialiste ne Bullgari.

    ==================================
    e ē'bejne komunistet
    dine ta luajne !

Faqja 2 prej 8 FillimFillim 1234 ... FunditFundit

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