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[B]At about the second century, the Christians began to venerate the bones of the saints, regarding them as holy and sacred. This eventually gave birth to relic collecting. (the first evidence of the veneration of relics appears around A.D. 156 in the Maryrium Polycarpi. In this document the relics of Polycarp are considered more valuable than precious stones and gold The Oxford Dictionary of hte Christian Church, Third Edition, p. 1379; Father Michael Collins and Matthew A. Price, The Story of Christianity DK Publishing, 1999, p. 91; The Early Liturgy, pp. 184-187.) Reverence for the dead was the most powerful community-forming force in the Roman Empire. (Ante Pacem, p. 91) Now the christians were absorbing it into their own faith. (From TEmple to Meeting House, pp. 168-172.)
In the late second century there was a shift in how the Lord's Supper was viewed. The Supper had devolved from a full meal to a stylized ceremony called "Holy Communion."
By the fourth century, this trend became ridiculous. The cup and the bread were seen as producing a sense of awe, dread, and mystery. So much so that the churches in the East placed a canopy over the altar-table (This is the table where the holy communion was placed. The altar-table signifies what is offered to God - the altar - and what is given to man - the table. (Protestant Worship and Church Architecture, p. 40. Side altars did not come into use until Gregory the Great- The history of Christianity: Volume 3,p 550)where the bread and cup sat. (In the 16th century, rails were placed upon the altar-table. (Ibid., p. 42) The rails signified that the altar-table was a holy object only to be handled by holy persons - i.e., the clergy). (In the fourth century, the laity was forbidden to go to the altar. Edwin Hatch, The Growth of Church Institutions. Hodder and Stoughton, 1895, pp. 214-215.)
So by the third century, the Christians not only had cacred spaces. They also had sacred objects. (They would soon develop a sacred priesthood.) In all of this, the second and third-century Christians began to assimilate the magical mindset that characterized pagan thinking. (Norman Towar Boggs, The Christian Saga. New York: The Macmillan Company, 1931, p. 209) All of these factors made the Christian terrain ready for the man who would be responsible for creating church buildings.
Constantine - Father of the Church Building
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