ka burim per artikullin origjinal?
ka burim per artikullin origjinal?
ja ku i ke llafet e saliut, botuar si interviste tek faqja e forbs-it, dhe shih se si eshte shndrruar prej bota sot ... sikur paska thene vete forbs ...
http://www.forbes.com/2010/10/08/flat-tax-albania-intelligent-investing-berisha.html?boxes=Homepagetoprated
Transcript: Sali Berisha
Steve Forbes, 10.11.10, 6:00 AM ET
Growing Albania
Steve Forbes: Prime minister, it's really a great honor to have you with us today. And even though Albania may be a small country, it was very distinguished in Europe as being about the only country that had economic growth in 2009 and is growing again in 2010. How did you do it?
Sali Berisha: First, allow me to thank you from my heart, Mr. Forbes, for having invited me. It's a great honor for me. Yesterday I was at the U.N. and listening to heads of states and prime ministers. The debate on millennium development goals. What came to my mind was September '92 when I came in this room there and I addressed to the audience as a president of a country which was, at that time, the third or the fourth most poor country in the world, with 204 U.S. dollar per capita as income. A country almost entirely under starvation with 80% unemployment. There has been no country devastated more than my mine from hyper-collectivization and dictatorships.
But now, yesterday, I sat there representing really a different country. A country which went from the abysses of poverty and misery to a middle-upper-income country. A country which has had a total collapsed economy to a country which last year has had the highest growth in Europe. A country which was producing totally from the public sector, a country which produced now 80% of its GDP from the private sector. A country which has a long way to do but still, in all the ways of globalism, definitely is achieving, one by one, high roads that are crucial for the future.
If you look at our education system, it's totally different. I was very pleased to see that this year was marked by more than 90% of those who have elementary school went to high school. Seventy percent of those who have had high school went to universities. Every Albanian school has now Internet and computer cabinets. It is a country marking its path and its journey, achievements, building the future. But it is very important that it is building the future. And if you look at the longevity, it's only zero, 15 years behind the United States today. It comes in my mind, and it comes all as it comes, a famous sentence of then Secretary of State Jim Baker when he came to Albania and found there the most devastated country from dictatorship. But he told Albanians that freedom will work, and freedom is working in my country. That's all I could tell about.
Introducing Flat Tax
Forbes: Some of the things you have done in Albania, several years ago you put in the flat tax. Only 10%. And it's worked.
Berisha: You know, my background is cardiology. And I assure you that 20 years ago when I started politics, my knowledge on economy were zero.
Forbes: That's true of most economists.
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Berisha: But what happened once I started politics, I started also to acquire some knowledge. But also I was very much influenced by Ronald Reagan. He was an ideal to me as a leader who fought so successfully against companies. And that's why I have a deep belief for him.
He was a low-tax president. And he wrote that low taxes, money, more or less, money in the accounts of the investors, of private people, are much more efficient than in public cases. And that was absolutely true for Albania, because the mandrell capacity of the public sector was almost inexistent.
That's why I started the career as a low-tax man. I put, at that time, the lowest fiscal burden country on Europe. But it worked. My country jumped in '95 as a two-digit-growth country. I went in opposition. Then government adopted progressive taxation.
Back in power, the first thing that I did I diminished by half the small business taxes. I diminished this by the corporate tax from 25 to 10%. The personal income tax from 23% to 10%. The Social Security contribution from 32% to 15%. I did it convinced that the money's worth [more] in the accounts of the investors than in the public cases. But I never expected such a growth of revenue. The revenues in Albania, budgetary revenues, doubled. They were $50 billion from taxes and custom in 2004, from they got $104 billion from taxes and custom in 2009.
The crisis came. Still I kept my basic idea of the best immunity from this crisis is to help business. To enlarge the spaces and freedoms for it. That's why we simplified the tax system from 26 national taxes to six national taxes.
We try to, we removed taxes for private education. We dropped so many tariffs. And also we managed to modernize the business registration. We rank now 27% higher than the average of OECD in business initiation. We rank now several points higher than the average of OECD in investing cross-sectors in the country. We focus very much on a friendly business climate.
Improving Biz Registration
Forbes: So on registering a business, you brought in one-stop shop?
Berisha: One-stop shop for 30 minutes. Now we are doing online business registration. We drop two-thirds of all license and permissions, and one-third we assembled it in a one-stop shop for licenses and permissions. It had diminished many times the time required for a license and the permission, but also the cost. There have been two basic projects from Reagan's challenge corporation actually implemented by U.S. aid. The United States [was able] to work with the international agency very successfully.
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And now we have really a good climate for investors. The economy is doing quite well. Exports this year have increased by 62%. And this year the revenues are increased by 13%. We cut in June 25% of expenditures, being somewhat afraid that we will be affected by the Greek crisis. We were wrong. At the end of August, we saw that 99.6% of the plan was realized, but we are not going to enlarge more. [We're] keeping it because we must be somehow cautious.
One-Euro Districts
Forbes: What other reforms have you introduced to strengthen property rights?
Berisha: Yes. We passed during these days a very important law. The law says every investor who has got the land from private people with original, official documents never could be disturbed further. Whatever claim must be addressed to the state. And the state doesn't prevent people to claim that, but it is considered as nationalized the land the private investors had owned, and the state deals with those who claim.
It was very important, this law. It's unique, but it's also very important. No one could make or could disturb investors with fixtures or falsities. This was the aim of it. And also, in the case that it is public land, investors will have it for one euro. The entire contract. And it is working very well.
Forbes: So explain your one-euro districts?
Berisha: One euro. Whoever is building a plant or whatever or wherever [they] would like to have for agriculture purposes, let us say planting olive trees or planting hazelnuts or walnuts or whatever, and the land is public, is going to have it for one euro. Whoever would like to build a touristic resort, and it's public land, will have it for one euro. We do not change. We put this initiative three years ago. It's working. We integrated the cement plant 10 days ago. They got the whole piece of, the whole of the land for one euro. It's working.
Increasing Outside Investment
Forbes: Foreign direct investment. The volumes are even greater than selling or privatization?
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Berisha: Yes. Much greater. They are much greater. Last two years, especially after NATO membership, Albania has become very attractive for foreign investors. There have been more than $6 billion in European contracts signed, mostly on energy matters but also in tourism and other matters. Now the concessional law that we passed with a special Swiss article is working very, very well. In two years we signed contracts for 220 hydropower stations. Among them one is the biggest--a 1 billion euro investment in cascade of Divol. And the other foreign companies, like Verbund and others, are constructing hydropowers in Albania. There are to be built more than 400 hydropower stations in my country, but also large wind parks.
Look, it's a small country, but with a really enormous--extraordinary potential for [the] biggest world compan[ies], and it's situated in the very heart of Europe and at a very large market. That's why I profit from this occasion to invite investors to seriously consider investing in my country.
Becoming Part of the E.U.
Forbes: And you mentioned your membership in NATO. How are your relations with the E.U.? How are you coming on becoming a member of the E.U.?
Berisha: Last year during 2009 we had a general elections. They were assessed as free and fair elections by all international observers. These elections did [make it] possible that the E.U. foreign minister decided on Nov. 16, 2009, to grant Albania the opening of negotiation for candidate status. Later we were provided the questionnaire of 2,284 questions.
Forbes: Three-hundred eighty-four pages?
Berisha: Yes. And we sent that--there are 3,000. Three thousand 854-page books. The largest book published ever in my country. It's under review from the E.U. commission. ... There [have been] several missions from the E.U. commission and E.U. member countries to see the development.
And definitely most of them found a totally different country [than] what they thought ...[they would]. That's positive one. And 10 days ago, the commission had given its definitive opinion about the removal of visas for Albanian, Bosnia-Herzegovina, member countries. We'll look on review. I am an optimist. I am sure that in months to come this process will happen.
Forbes: So that means you just need what they call bio-passports?
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Berisha: That means Albanians for 90 days could move freely in all European [countries and] in all Shangen area with no visa. This is but 90 days. And after 90 days they must be back, and they could go back after a time.
Battling Corruption
Forbes: The battle against corruption. How is that going?
Berisha: I think among all reforms the reforms against corruption are fundamental for the success of all other reforms. Now we were very tough in fighting corruption. First we promised Albanians small government in '95. And it happened. We shortened it by 33%.
We promised Albanians a review of the whole Kolfe of interest legislation. It happened. And now a serious institutional review, the assets and the revenues of all officials. And it takes serious measure in any break.
We promised Albanians new rules on operating expenses of public administration, and we managed to shorten it from 2.2% of GDP to less than 1% of GDP, because corruption [is something we] should fight. I told you we'll start from ourself. We'll support new rules on transport of officials--that is from 3,000 drivers and cars. Now there are only 31 official drivers and cars. Yes. Because there have been abuses.
We lowered taxes. It was really very helpful. We privatized all major enterprises which were nests of corruptions. We are digitalizing. The transparency. We [have] become the first country in the world with 100% e-procurement. And that's why U.N. rewarded us with a second-prize reward for that project. But it was very kind to reward us. But it was also very important that now there is no other [option] than e-procurement in my country. There is a strong stand of the judiciary against corruption. I believe these were fundamental [changes], helpful for what we achieved. Now we have almost a double budget compared to five years ago.
Beefing Up Tech
Forbes: And in terms of what you did in bringing the high-tech age to procurement, you worked with Estonia on that?
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Berisha: I'm working with Estonia, and they were very helpful. Very helpful to me was also UNDP. I have had very special relations with computer in my youth days. That's why I remained always convinced that it is a way to change a life. And '95, '96, I took this initiative for Internet in every school. It was Costa Rica's president applying it. But I went to opposition. Back in power I took the project. And I found my country very low in IT penetration. It was a terrible low. And now it's jumped several times. It was 4.8. Now it's 32. But my ambition is--and I will proceed--to catch the average of E.U. and growing faster. Estonia is helping very much. Austria is helping us very much. UNDP was very helpful to us. But the digital age is, if you look at the biological age of my country, it's digital one. Our people should be little age in technical point of view.
Privatizing Farms
Forbes: Great. How did you privatize the farms? Your agriculture? Since you're so heavily agriculture.
Berisha: Yes. It was a very fast process. Based in the Jeffersonian principle of the land to those who are living in and working in. This principle was applied. We have not chosen applying other principles because of what happened in my country. Fifty years long people were banned to move from their birthplaces. To be in town. And entire districts become real [human] reservoirs. We are obliged to apply this reform. And we created in one year 460,000 small farms. One hectare. But they tremendously changed the production and the life of these people.
Now still I am focused on agriculture. We are a blessed country in many aspects. We are an olive tree country, and we tend to multiply by five the number of olive trees in four years, and the project is going on. Now [there] is a new project based mostly in nuts. Chestnuts, walnuts, hazelnuts and pomegranates. That we could become a real, very serious producer and also exploit tens of thousands of hectares of land which is not used for the moment. This is very ambitious project which aims mostly to fight bitter poverty in the mountainous and the rural areas.
Forbes: And you're also not only exporting nuts and agriculture products; you are doing shoes. You have a company that's exporting shoes?
Berisha: Fifty-two percent of our exports are shoes, textiles, manufacturing.
Forbes: And now frogs' legs.
Berisha: Yeah. Yes. Seventeen percent are minerals. You know we are a very important country in mineral deposits. In chromium, nickel, copper, pherum, pherum nickel, ore, iron ore, and we are working to better organize our mineral sector.
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An American Ally
Forbes: Terrific. And you remain a strong ally of the U.S.?
Berisha: Definitely. I know no other country which is more in hearts and feelings more friendly to the United States.
Forbes: And Americans should know you're primarily a Muslim nation?
Berisha: Yes. But multireligious. Where I think the greatest asset of my nation is an excellent religious tolerance, but which is a long day one. This is a very great heritage. Never in my nation have we had the smallest conflict or incident [that was a] religion-based one. But we were like that. And they have this great heritage. They have had a very difficult history. Very, very difficult. But they were blessed also because in some very crucial moments of their existence, of their freedoms, the United States has helped them. Helped us. This was the very moment that we managed to succeed.
Forbes: Thank you, prime minister.
Berisha: Thank you, Mr. Forbes. Thank you very much. Thank you. Was pleasure.
This is too much even for himPostuar mė parė nga D&G Feminine
aman ku e gjeti kompjuterin ky ne rini, kishin shpik nonji anej nga vicidoli.
Kete e gjeta dhe une, por nga dy temat qe ishin hapur duket sikur eshte perkthyer ndonje artikull tjeter nga Steve Forbes, qe shkruan per Sali Berishen dhe Shqiperine. Kjo eshte interviste.
Artikulli origjinal
http://www.forbes.com/forbes/2010/10...e-roaring.html
Me bejne pershtypje disa nga komentet ketu se ku jane fokusuar per kete interviste. Per me teper, te vjen keq, kur lexon komente negative ne anglisht, nga vete shqiptaret, ne faqet e Forbes.
Nuk behet fjale per Sali Berishen si individ qe beri interviste me Forbes, por per kryeministrin e Shqiperise si perfaqsues i saj. Behet fjale per nje mundesi me shume per te prezantuar vendin tone e per te terhequr me shume investitor te huaj, investime aq te nevojshme per ēdo ekonomi e veēanerisht per nje vend si Shqiperia.
Valle kaq te verbuar behen nga politika, sa nuk arrijne dot te bejne dallimin edhe kur eshte per te miren e Shqiperise?!
Mos shkruaj gjė kur je me nerva, sepse, ndėrsa plaga e gjuhės ėshtė mė e keqe se e shpatės, mendo ēka mund tė jetė ajo e pendės
Mund te shikoni edhe videon online ne qofte se jeni te interesuar.Zgjat rreth gjysem ore.Futuni tek Tim Forbes dhe pasi t'ju hapet faqja klikoni tek seksioni Europe.Aty do te gjeni artikujt dhe videon.
Te lumte goja! Tani i pashe disa nag komentet dhe realisht po me vjen keq. C'mendon nje investitotr kur, pas ariullit, lexon ato komente? Nuk kam pike dashurie per Berishen vete, e a spe r ndonej shtetar tjeter, por artikulli ishte per Shqiperine, jo per Berishen!
Me vjen shuem keq qe postova linkun
“Ndoqa parimin e Reganit, i kisha ‘inat’ taksat”
Shqipėria njė euro", "one stop shop" pėr regjistrimin e bizneseve, elektronizimi i prokurimeve, janė vetėm disa prej reformave qė e ndryshuan Shqipėrinė. Eshtw i bindur pėr kėtė kryeministri Sali Berisha, i cili beson se idetė e tij po ndihmojnė nė zhvillimin e vendit, edhe pse e pranon se 20 vjet mė parė kur hyri nė politikė, njohuritė ekono-mike i kishte zero. Nė njė intervistė pėr revistėn "Forbes", gjatė kohės sė qėndrimit nė Nju Jork pėr tė marrė pjesė nė asamblenė e pėrgjithshme tė OKB-sė, ai shpjegon efektet e reformave tė tij si dhe idetė e reja.
Z. kryeministėr, edhe pse Shqipėria ėshtė njė vend i vogėl, u dallua nė Europė si vendi i vetėm me rritje ekonomike nė 2009-ėn dhe tashmė ka rritje edhe nė 2010. Si ia dilni?
Gjatė qėndrimit nė OKB, dėgjova krerėt e shteteve dhe qeverive lidhur me debatin pėr synimet e mijėvjeēarit pėr zhvillimin. Mė erdhi nė mend shtatori '92, kur hyra nė kėtė sallė dhe iu drejtova audiencės si president i vendit, qė nė atė kohė ishte vendi i tretė apo i katėrt mė i varfėr nė botė. Njė vend me papunėsi qė arrinte nė nivelin 80 pėr qind. Nuk ka pasur vend mė tė shkatėrruar nga superkolektivizimi dhe diktatura. Por, ditėt e fundit unė pėrfaqėsova nė OKB njė vend krejt tjetėr. Njė vend qė kaloi nga skaji i varfėrisė dhe mizerjes, nė njė vend me tė ardhura tė mesme. Njė vend qė ka rritjen mė tė madhe nė Europė dhe qė tashmė i ka fitimet nga sektori privat nė masėn 80 pėr qind. Ky ėshtė njė vend, me tė cilin ka ende punė pėr tė bėrė, por nė tė gjitha rrugėt e globalizmit, ne kemi arritje dhe kjo ėshtė thelbėsore pėr tė ardhmen. Nėse do tė hidhni njė vėshtrim nė sistemin tonė tė arsimit, ai ėshtė tėrėsisht ndryshe tani. Kėtė vit, 90 pėr qind e atyre qė pėrfunduan shkollėn fillore shkuan nė shkollėn e mesme dhe 70 pėr qind e atyre qė pėrfunduan shkollėn e mesme, shkuan nė universitet. Ēdo shkollė shqiptare ka tashmė internet dhe kabinete kompjuterash. Ėshtė njė vend qė po bėn rrugėn e tij mes arritjesh, duke ndėrtuar tė ardhmen. Ėshtė e rėndėsishme qė po ndėrton tė ardhmen. Mė vjen ndėr mend njė fjali e famshme e Sekretarit amerikan tė Shtetit, James Baker kur erdhi nė Shqipėri dhe pa njė vend tė shkatėrruar nga diktatura. Por ai tha se do ta bėjė tė vetėn dhe liria po bėn punėn e saj nė vendin tim. Kjo ėshtė gjithēka qė mund tė them.
Mes nismave tė tjera, disa vite mė parė ju prezantuat edhe taksėn e sheshtė. Vetėm 10 pėr qind. Dhe ka funksionuar.
E dini, pėrvoja ime ka qenė kardiologjia. Ju siguroj se 20 vjet mė parė kur hyra nė politikė, njohuritė e mia nė ekonomi ishin zero.
Kjo ėshtė e vėrtetė pėr shumė ekonomistė…
Por ajo ēfarė ndodhi kur hyra nė politikė, ishte se nisa tė merrja disa njohuri. Por u influencova shumė nga Ronald Regan. Ishte njė ideal pėr mua ai lider qė luftoi aq suksesshėm. Kjo ėshtė arsyeja pse kam njė adhurim pėr tė. Ishte presidenti i taksave tė ulėta. Ai shkroi se taksat e ulėta bėjnė qė paratė tė mbeten nė llogaritė e privatėve dhe paratė nė llogaritė e privatėve janė mė efektive se nė arkat e shtetit. Kjo ishte e vėrtetė pėr Shqipėrinė, pasi kapaciteti i sektorit publik ishte thuajse inekzistent. Kjo ėshtė arsyeja pse nisa karrierėn time si njė njeri i taksave tė ulėta.
Vendosa taksat mė tė ulėta fiskale nė Europė. Por, funksionoi. Vendi im arriti nė vitin '95 nė njė vend me rritje me dy shifra. Kalova nė opozitė. Mė pas qeveria miratoi taksat progresive.
Kur u ktheva nė pushtet, gjėja e parė qė bėra ishte ulja e taksave pėr biznesin e vogėl. Taksa e korporatės u ul nga 25 deri nė 10 pėr qind. Taksat e tė ardhurave vetjake u ulėn nga 23 pėr qind nė 10 pėr qind. Kontributet e sigurimit social u ulėn nga 32 pėr qind nė 15 pėr qind. E bėra kėtė sepse besoja se paratė nė llogaritė e investitorėve ishin mė tė vlefshme sesa nė llogaritė e shtetit. Tė ardhurat nė Shqipėri, tė ardhurat buxhetore u dyfishuan. Ato ishin 50 miliardė dollarė nga taksat dhe doganat nė vitin 2004, ndėrsa nė vitin 2009 arritėn nė 104 miliardė dollarė nga taksat dhe doganat. Kriza mbėrriti. Unė ende mendoja se imuniteti mė i mirė nga kriza ishte ndihma pėr biznesin. Rritja e hapėsirave dhe lirive pėr tė. Kjo ėshtė arsyeja pse e thjeshtėsova sistemin e taksave nga 26 taksa kombėtare nė gjashtė. Ne u pėrpoqėm tė heqim taksat pėr arsimin privat, hoqėm mjaft tarifa. Arritėm tė modernizojmė edhe regjistrimin e bizneseve. Ne kemi njė klimė shumė tė mirė biznesi tani.
Pra, pėr tė regjistruar njė biznes, ju sollėt idenė e 'one-stop shop'?
Po, 'one-stop shop' pėr 30 minuta. Tashmė ne po bėjmė regjistrimin e bizneseve online. Kemi hequr dy tė tretat e lejeve dhe licencave dhe njė tė tretėn e kemi mbledhur nė njė ndalesė regjistrimi pėr lejet e licencat qė nuk zgjatin mė shumė se kaq.
Kjo e ka reduktuar disa herė kohėn e kėrkuar pėr njė licencė apo leje, por edhe koston. Tashmė kemi klimė tė mirė pėr investitorėt. Ekonomia po ecėn shumė mirė. Eksportet kėtė vit janė rritur me 62 pėr qind. Dhe kėtė vit, tė ardhurat janė rritur me 13 pėr qind. Ne kemi reduktuar nė qershor 25 pėr qind tė shpenzimeve, sepse ishim disi tė frikėsuar se mund tė prekeshim nga kriza greke. U gabuam. Nė fund tė gushtit pamė se plani ishte realizuar nė masėn 99.6 pėr qind, por nuk do tė zgjerohemi mė shumė. Duam tė jemi tė kujdesshėm.
Ēfarė reformash tė tjera keni prezantuar pėr tė forcuar tė drejtėn e pronės?
Ne kemi miratuar nė kėto ditė njė ligj shumė tė rėndėsishėm. Ligji parashikon qė ēdo investitor qė ka marrė tokė nga njė individ privat me dokumente zyrtare origjinale, nuk mund tė shqetėsohet mė tej. Ēdolloj pretendimi duhet t'i paraqitet shtetit. Shteti nuk parandalon pretendimet, por konsiderohet si e shtetėzuar toka qė investuesit privatė kanė marrė, ndaj edhe shteti merret me kėto pretendime. Ėshtė shumė i rėndėsishėm ky ligj. Askush nuk mund tė shqetėsojė mė investitorėt privatė me falsitete apo gjėra tė sajuara. Ky ėshtė edhe qėllimi. Nė rastin kur bėhet fjalė pėr pronė qė ėshtė publike, investitorėt do ta kenė atė pėr njė euro. Tė gjithė kontratėn. Dhe po ecėn shumė mirė.
Si mund tė na i shpjegoni kėto rajone prej njė eurosh?
Po, njė euro. Kushdo qė ndėrton njė fabrikė apo ēfarėdo, apo do ta pėrdorė atė pėr qėllime bujqėsore, tė themi pėr tė mbjellė ullinj apo lajthi, apo bajame, ēfarėdo, do ta ketė atė pėr njė euro. Kushdo qė do tė dojė tė ndėrtojė njė resort turist nė njė zonė publike, do ta ketė pėr njė euro. Ne nuk bėjmė ndryshime. E kemi nisur kėtė tri vjet mė parė dhe tani po funksionon.
Investimet e huaja. Volumi ėshtė mė i madh sesa shitjet apo privatizimet?
Po, shumė mė i madh. Dy vitet e fundit, veēanėrisht pas anėtarėsimit nė NATO, Shqipėria u bė shumė atraktive pėr investitorėt e huaj. Ka pasur mė shumė se 6 miliardė dollarė nė kontratat europiane tė nėnshkruara, kryesisht pėr ēėshtje turizmi dhe energjie. Tashmė, ligji pėr koncesionet qė ne miratuam me njė nen tė veēantė zviceran, po funksionon shumė mirė. Nė dy vjet, ne nėnshkruam kontrata pėr 200 hidrocentrale. Mes tyre, edhe njė investim shumė i madh prej 1 milion eurosh nė kaskadėn e Devollit. Kompani tė tjera tė huaja si 'Verbund' po ndėrtojnė hidrocentrale nė Shqipėri. Duhet tė ndėrtohen mė shumė 400 hidrocentrale, por edhe parqe tė pėrdorimit tė energjisė sė erės. Ėshtė njė vend i vogėl, por ka njė potencial shumė tė madh pėr kompanitė e huaja dhe fakti se ndodhet nė qendėr tė Europės e bėn atė tė preferuar. Kjo ėshtė arsyeja pse dua tė pėrfitoj nga ky rast, pėr t'i ftuar tė gjithė tė investojnė seriozisht nė Shqipėri.
Ju pėrmendėt anėtarėsimin nė NATO. Si janė marrėdhėniet tuaja me BE-nė? Si po ecėn integrimi nė BE?
Vitin e kaluar, pra nė 2009-ėn, ne zhvilluam zgjedhjet e pėrgjithshme, qė u vlerėsuan si tė lira dhe tė ndershme nga vėzhguesit ndėrkombėtarė. Kėto zgjedhje na bėnė tė mundur qė ministrat e Jashtėm tė BE-sė tė vendosnin mė 16 nėntor 2009 t'i hapnin Shqipėrisė dritėn jeshile pėr negociatat pėr statusin e vendit kandidat. Mė pas na u dėrgua njė pyetėsor prej 2.284 pyetjesh.
Treqind e tetėdhjetė e katėr faqe??
Po, dhe ne i dėrguam pėrgjigjet, janė 3000, njė libėr me 854 faqe dhe ėshtė libri mė i madh, i botuar nė vendin tim. Po rishikohet nga Komisioni Europian. Ka pasur disa misione nga KE-ja dhe vendet anėtare tė BE-sė pėr tė parė zhvillimin. Shumė prej tyre kanė gjetur tashmė njė vend krejt ndryshe nga ai qė mendonin. Kjo ėshtė diēka pozitive. Dhjetė ditė mė parė, Komisioni dha opinionin pėrfundimtar pėr heqjen e vizave me Shqipėrinė dhe Bosnjėn. Unė kam shumė besim qė procesi do tė mbyllet nė muajt nė vijim.
Kjo do tė thotė se tashmė keni nevojė vetėm pėr pasaportat biometrike?
Kjo do tė thotė se shqiptarėt mund tė lėvizin lirisht nė vendet e BE-sė pėr 90 ditė. Pas 90 ditėsh, ata duhet tė kthehen dhe pas kėsaj mund tė kthehen sėrish nė vendet e BE-sė.
Po beteja ndaj korrupsionit…, si po ecėn ajo?
Unė mendoj se mes tė gjitha reformave, ajo kundėr korrupsionit ėshtė mė themelore pėr suksesin e gjithė tė tjerave.
Jemi shumė tė ashpėr ndaj korrupsionit. Ne u premtuan shqiptarėve njė qeveri tė vogėl. Kjo ndodhi. Ne e shkurtuam atė me 33 pėr qind. Tashmė po bėhet njė rishikim institucional i tė gjitha aseteve dhe tė ardhurave tė zyrtarėve. Nė ēdo rast shkeljeje, merren masa serioze. Ne u premtuam shqiptarėve rregulla tė reja pėr shpenzimet e administratės dhe kemi arritur t'i ulim ato nga 2.2 pėr qind tė GDP-sė nė 1 pėr qind, pasi korrupsioni ėshtė diēka qė duhet luftuar. U thashė se ne do tė nisim nga vetja. Do tė mbėshtes rregullat e reja pėr transportin e zyrtarėve. Nga 3000 shoferė dhe makina, tani kemi vetėm 31 shoferė zyrtarė dhe makina. Po, sepse ka pasur abuzime.
Ne ulėm taksat. Kjo ishte me tė vėrtetė shumė ndihmuese. Ne privatizuam tė gjitha ndėrmarrjet e mėdha qė ishin ēerdhe tė korrupsionit. Ne po merremi me dixhitalizimin, transparencėn, jemi bėrė vendi i parė nė botė me prokurime 100 pėr qind elektronike. Kjo ėshtė arsyeja pse OKB-ja na ka nderuar me ēmimin e dytė pėr kėtė projekt. Ne po pėrpiqemi tė spastrojmė gjyqėsorin nga korrupsioni. Unė besoj se kėto janė ndryshime thelbėsore dhe shumė tė rėndėsishme. Tashmė kemi njė buxhet tė dyfishuar nė krahasim me pesė vjet mė parė.
Pėr tė sjellė erėn e teknologjisė sė re nė fushėn e prokurimeve, ju po bashkėpunoni me Estoninė?
Po, po bashkėpunojmė me Estoninė dhe ata na kanė ndihmuar shumė. Shumė ndihmues ishte edhe UNDP-ja. Kam pasur marrėdhėnie shumė tė mira me kompjuterin nė ditėt e rinisė. Ja pse besoja se kjo ishte njė mėnyrė pėr tė ndryshuar jetėn. Ndėrmora nismėn pėr tė siguruar internet pėr ēdo shkollė nė vitet '95-'96. Presidenti i Kosta Rikės po e zbatonte kėtė. Por, kalova nė opozitė dhe kur u riktheva, e nisa sėrish projektin. Tani edhe Austria po na ndihmon shumė. Mosha dixhitale ka mbėrritur.
Si po i privatizoni fermat, bujqėsinė sidomos, meqenėse jeni kaq tė varur nga bujqėsia?
Ka qenė njė proces i shpejtė. Bazuar nė parimin 'xhefersonian' tė tokės, qė u pėrket atyre qė jetojnė nė tė dhe e punojnė. Kėtė parim zbatuam. Nuk kemi zgjedhur tė zbatojmė parime tė tjera, pėr shkak tė atyre qė kanė ndodhur nė vend. 50 vjet mė parė njerėzit u ndaluan tė lėviznin nga vendbanimet. Rajone tė tėra u bėnė rezervuarė njerėzorė. Ne ishim tė detyruar ta zbatonim kėtė reformė dhe tani kemi krijuar 460.000 ferma tė vogla. Ato e kanė ndryshuar shumė prodhimin dhe jetėn e kėtyre njerėzve.
Unė jam ende i pėrqendruar te bujqėsia tani, kemi njė vend tė bekuar nė shumė aspekte. Jemi njė vend me pemė ulliri, jemi pėrpjekur ta shumė-fishojmė numrin e tyre dhe projekti po vazhdon. Tashmė kemi njė tjetėr projekt qė bazohet nė shtimin e pemėve tė arrave, bajame-ve, lajthive. Mund tė bėhemi njė prodhues i rėndėsishėm i tyre dhe ndaj ky ėshtė projekt ambicioz.
Ju nuk jeni duke eksportuar vetėm produkte bujqėsore, por edhe kėpucė. Keni njė kompani qė eksporton kėpucė?
Berisha: 52 pėr qind e eksporteve tona janė kėpucė, tekstile dhe manifaktura.
Si dhe kėmbėt e bretkosave...
Po, po. Por, shtatėdhjetė pėr qind janė mineralet. Jemi njė vend qė kemi shumė depozita mineralesh. Jemi tė pasur nė krom, nikel, bakėr, ferronikel, hekur, dhe po pėrpiqem tė organizojmė mė mirė sektorin mineral.
Shumė mirė... dhe mbeteni aleat i SHBA-sė?
Pėrfundimisht. Nuk di njė vend tjetėr qė ėshtė mė i afėrt me shpirt e zemėr me SHBA-nė, sesa ne.
Dhe amerikanėt duhet ta dinė se jeni njė vend kryesisht mysliman?
Po, por multifetar. Unė besoj se aseti mė me vlerė i vendit tim ėshtė toleranca fetare. Ėshtė njė vend me pasuri tė madhe. Kurrė nuk kemi pasur konflikte tė vogla apo tė mėdha me bazė besimin fetar. Kemi pasur histori tė vėshtirė, shumė tė vėshtirė, por kemi qenė tė bekuar pasi nė momente themelore tė ekzistencės, SHBA na ka ndihmuar.
Forbes: Tė klonojmė Berishėn, tė zėvendėsojmė ekspertėt
Ja njė si rrotullohen gjėrat: SHBA, vendi kapital ist i fuqishėm, mund tė marrė disa leksione ekonomie nga vendi i vogėl i Ballkanit, Shqipėria, e cila pėr dekada tė tėra u pėrpėlit nėn regjimin mizor tė diktaturės staliniste. Sot, Shqipėria ka ekonominė me energjike nė Evrope. Ajo ishte virtualisht vendi i vetėm nė Europė me rritje nė vitin 2009. Vendi, i mbyllur hermetikisht mė parė, ka shėnuar rritje edhe nė kėtė vit. Eksportet janė rritur ne 85%. Investimet e huaja direkte po vėrshojnė. Buxheti i shtetit ėshtė reduktuar, me njė deficit 3.1 % te PBB, kundrejt 10% tė Uashingtonit. Deficiti i Shqipėrisė ėshtė nė mėnyrė proporcionale me pak se njė e treta e deficitit tonė. Shkalla amerikane e varfėrisė po rritet, ndėrkohė qė ajo e Shqipėrisė po ulet nė mėnyrė tė ndjeshme. Ndėrkohė qė administrata e Obamės po vė nė rrezik tė drejtat e pronėsisė dhe ligjin e kontratave, Shqipėria po bėn te kundėrtėn: Ajo po hedh hapa pėr tė fuqizuar pavarėsinė e sistemit tė saj gjyqėsor, dhe qeveria sapo ka kaluar njė ligj pėr tė drejtat e pronėsisė nė parlament. Arkitekti i mrekullisė ekonomike shqiptare, Kryeministri Sali Berisha vizitoi zyrat tona kohet e fundit dhe me krenari tregoi atė qė kishte arritur vendi i tij. Nė 1992, tė ardhurat pėr fryme nė Shqipėri nuk arrinin as nė 200$ nė vit, ndėrsa sot, tė ardhurat arrijnė mbi 3, 500 $. Por, si ja doli mbanė Shqipėria? Duke ndjekur parimet e tregut tė lirė qė administrata aktuale e Shtėpisė sė Bardhė dhe Kongresi i kanė harruar. Tre vite mė parė Berisha vendosi njė taksė tė sheshtė prej 10 % pėr tė ardhurat personale dhe tė biznesit, ndėrkohė qė taksa mbi pagėn dhe shpėrblimin u ul nga 32 ne 15 pėr qind. Qeveria po lehtėson procedurat ndaj investitorėve tė huaj, si edhe pėr qytetaret e saj, tė cilėt kėrkojnė tė fillojnė bizneset e tyre. Irlanda, e cila mė parė ka qenė etalon pėr tėrheqjen e kompanive tė huaja, nuk e ka me kėtė kurore dafinash mbi kokė: Qeveria shqiptare ka ndėrmarrė iniciativėn e ashtuquajtur "Shqipėria njė euro", ku toka mund tė jepet me qira, virtualisht pa asnjė kosto, pėr kompanitė qė hapin biznese te reja. Berisha thotė se u frymėzua duke studiuar Ronald Reganin. Shqipėria, njė komb mysliman qe toleron lehtėsisht te gjitha besimet e tjera, mbetet njė aleate krenare e patundur e SHBA-se. Falė mbėshtetjes se fuqishme amerikane, Shqipėria ėshtė bėrė pjese e NATO-s. Vendi po ecėn i vendosur drejt anėtarėsimit nė BE. Sa keq qė shkenca nuk ka ecur kaq shumė pėrpara sa tė na mundėsonte tė klononim Berishėn qė tė zėvendėsonim sot tė gjithė ekspertet ekonomike nė qeveritė tona.
*Autori ėshtė kryeredaktor i revistės "Forbes"
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