Gjuha zyrtare e Shqiperise

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Countries in Europe: Fact Sheet: Albania
To VIEW and/or PRINT RELATED CHARTS see PDF version (123KB)

Information was last updated April 2002
General Data:
Capital: Tirana Population: 3 millions
Total Area: 27,398 sq.km. Currency: Albanian Lek, $CAN 1 = 94.24 ALL, 2001 average rate
Languages: Albanian, Greek, others National holiday: November 28
Ethnic makeup: Albanians (90%), Greeks (8%), Macedonians (2%)
Religions : muslin (70%), orthodox (20%), catholic (10%)

Political Data:
Type of State: Republic
Head of State: President Rexhep Meidani
Head of Government: Prime Minister Pandeli Majko (SPA)
Parliament: Single Chamber of Deputies, 140 seats
Main political parties:
Government: Socialist Party of Albania (SPA) (73 seats) - Others (13 seats)
Opposition : Union for Victory (46 seats) - Others (8 seats)
Next elections: July 2002 (Presidential) 2005 (Parliamentary)

Representation:
Canada's Ambassador in Albania: Ambassador Robert Fowler, resident in Rome
Office of the Canadian Embassy in Tirana : Stephen Moran
Albania's Ambassador to Canadaacant
Chargé d'affairs: Riza Poda

Economic Data :
numbers are $CAN for 2001 unless stated
Albania Canada
GDP: (in billions, at current prices) $6.35 $1 083.11
GDP per capita: $1 867 $34,389
GDP growth rate: 7.3 % 1.5 %
Unemployment rate: 15.3 % 7.4 %
Inflation rate: 3.1 % 2.5 %


Exports:
to world: 464,52$ million (2000)
to Canada : 0,55$ millions Imports:
from world: 300 US$ million (2000)
from Canada: 0,55$ millions
FDI:
Canadian in Albania: n/a
Albanian in Canada: n/a
Sources: Statistiques Canada, Standard and Poor's DRI World Economic Outlook WTO




--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Last Updated:
2002-10-30
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Albania
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In general, information available as of 1 January 2002
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This page was last updated on 1 January 2002




Legend: Definition Field Listing Introduction Albania Top of Page
Background:
In 1990 Albania ended 44 years of xenophobic communist rule and established a multiparty democracy. The transition has proven difficult as corrupt governments have tried to deal with high unemployment, a dilapidated infrastructure, widespread gangsterism, and disruptive political opponents. International observers judged local elections in 2001 to be acceptable and a step toward democratic development, but identified serious deficiencies which should be addressed through reforms in the Albanian electoral code.
Geography Albania Top of Page
Location:
Southeastern Europe, bordering the Adriatic Sea and Ionian Sea, between Greece and the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia
Geographic coordinates:
41 00 N, 20 00 E
Map references:
Europe
Area:
total: 28,748 sq km
water: 1,350 sq km
land: 27,398 sq km
Area - comparative:
slightly smaller than Maryland
Land boundaries:
total: 720 km
border countries: Greece 282 km, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia 151 km, Yugoslavia 287 km
Coastline:
362 km
Maritime claims:
continental shelf: 200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation
territorial sea: 12 NM
Climate:
mild temperate; cool, cloudy, wet winters; hot, clear, dry summers; interior is cooler and wetter
Terrain:
mostly mountains and hills; small plains along coast
Elevation extremes:
lowest point: Adriatic Sea 0 m
highest point: Maja e Korabit (Golem Korab) 2,753 m
Natural resources:
petroleum, natural gas, coal, chromium, copper, timber, nickel, hydropower
Land use:
arable land: 21%
permanent crops: 4%
other: 75% (1998 est.)
Irrigated land:
3,400 sq km (1998 est.)
Natural hazards:
destructive earthquakes; tsunamis occur along southwestern coast; floods; drought
Environment - current issues:
deforestation; soil erosion; water pollution from industrial and domestic effluents
Environment - international agreements:
party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Hazardous Wastes, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands
signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Geography - note:
strategic location along Strait of Otranto (links Adriatic Sea to Ionian Sea and Mediterranean Sea)
People Albania Top of Page
Population:
3,544,841 (July 2002 est.)
Age structure:
0-14 years: 28.8% (male 528,678; female 493,531)
15-64 years: 64% (male 1,094,034; female 1,175,024)
65 years and over: 7.2% (male 111,524; female 142,050) (2002 est.)
Population growth rate:
1.06% (2002 est.)
Birth rate:
18.59 births/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Death rate:
6.49 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Net migration rate:
-1.46 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Sex ratio:
at birth: 1.07 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.07 male(s)/female
15-64 years: 0.93 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.79 male(s)/female
total population: 0.96 male(s)/female (2002 est.)
Infant mortality rate:
38.64 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.)
Life expectancy at birth:
total population: 72.1 years
female: 75.14 years (2002 est.)
male: 69.27 years
Total fertility rate:
2.27 children born/woman (2002 est.)
HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate:
less than 0.01% (1999 est.)
HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS:
less than 100 (2000 est.)
HIV/AIDS - deaths:
less than 100 (1999 est.)
Nationality:
noun: Albanian(s)
adjective: Albanian
Ethnic groups:
Albanian 95%, Greek 3%, other 2% (Vlach, Gypsy, Serb, and Bulgarian) (1989 est.)
note: in 1989, other estimates of the Greek population ranged from 1% (official Albanian statistics) to 12% (from a Greek organization)
Religions:
Muslim 70%, Albanian Orthodox 20%, Roman Catholic 10%
note: all mosques and churches were closed in 1967 and religious observances prohibited; in November 1990, Albania began allowing private religious practice
Languages:
Albanian (Tosk is the official dialect), Greek
Literacy:
definition: age 9 and over can read and write
total population: 93% (1997 est.)
male: NA%
female: NA%
Government Albania Top of Page
Country name:
conventional long form: Republic of Albania
conventional short form: Albania
local short form: Shqiperia
former: People's Socialist Republic of Albania
local long form: Republika e Shqiperise
Government type:
emerging democracy
Capital:
Tirana
Administrative divisions:
36 districts (rrethe, singular - rreth) and 1 municipality* (bashki); Berat, Bulqize, Delvine, Devoll (Bilisht), Diber (Peshkopi), Durres, Elbasan, Fier, Gjirokaster, Gramsh, Has (Krume), Kavaje, Kolonje (Erseke), Korce, Kruje, Kucove, Kukes, Kurbin, Lezhe, Librazhd, Lushnje, Malesi e Madhe (Koplik), Mallakaster (Ballsh), Mat (Burrel), Mirdite (Rreshen), Peqin, Permet, Pogradec, Puke, Sarande, Shkoder, Skrapar (Corovode), Tepelene, Tirane (Tirana), Tirane* (Tirana), Tropoje (Bajram Curri), Vlore
note: administrative divisions have the same names as their administrative centers (exceptions have the administrative center name following in parentheses)
Independence:
28 November 1912 (from Ottoman Empire)
National holiday:
Independence Day, 28 November (1912)
Constitution:
a constitution was adopted by popular referendum on 28 November 1998; note - the opposition Democratic Party boycotted the vote
Legal system:
has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Suffrage:
18 years of age; universal and compulsory
Executive branch:
chief of state: President of the Republic Rexhep MEIDANI (since 24 July 1997)
head of government: Prime Minister Pandeli MAJKO (since 22 February 2002)
cabinet: Council of Ministers nominated by the prime minister and approved by the president
election results: Rexhep MEIDANI elected president; People's Assembly vote by number - total votes 122, for 110, against 3, abstained 2, invalid 7
elections: president elected by the People's Assembly for a five-year term; election last held 24 July 1997 (next to be held NA July 2002); prime minister appointed by the president
Legislative branch:
unicameral People's Assembly or Kuvendi Popullor (140 seats; 100 are elected by direct popular vote and 40 by proportional vote for four-year terms)
election results: percent of vote by party - PS 41.5%, PD and coalition allies 36.8%, NDP 5.2%, PSD 3.6%, PBDNJ 2.6%, PASH 2.6%, PAD 2.5%; seats by party - PS 73, PD and coalition allies 46, NDP 6, PSD 4, PBDNJ 3, PASH 3, PAD 3, independents 2
elections: last held 24 June with subsequent rounds on 8 July, 22 July, 29 July, 19 August 2001 (next to be held NA June 2005)
Judicial branch:
Supreme Court (chairman is elected by the People's Assembly for a four-year term)
Political parties and leaders:
Agrarian Party or PASH [Lufter XHUVELI]; Albanian National Front (Balli Kombetar) or PBK [Shptim ROQI]; Albanian Republican Party or PR [Fatmir MEDIU]; Albanian Socialist Party or PS (formerly the Albania Workers Party) [Fatos NANO, chairman]; Christian Democratic Party or PDK [Zef BUSHATI]; Democratic Alliance or PAD [Nerltan CEKA]; Democratic Party or PD [Sali BERISHA]; Group of Reformist Democrats [Leonard NDOKA]; Legality Movement Party or PLL [Ekrem SPAHIA]; Liberal Union Party or PBL [Teodor LACO]; New Democratic Party or NDP [Genc POLLO]; OMONIA [Vagjelis DULES]; Party of National Unity or PUK [Idajet BEQUIRI]; Social Democratic Party or PSD [Skender GJINUSHI]; Unity for Human Rights Party or PBDNJ [Vasil MELO, chairman]
Political pressure groups and leaders:
NA
International organization participation:
ACCT, BSEC, CCC, CE, CEI, EAPC, EBRD, ECE, FAO, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO (correspondent), ITU, OIC, OPCW, OSCE, PFP, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNOMIG, UPU, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO
Diplomatic representation in the US:
chief of mission: Ambassador Dr. Fatos TARIFA
chancery: 2100 S Street NW, Washington, DC 20008
FAX: [1] (202) 628-7342
telephone: [1] (202) 223-4942
Diplomatic representation from the US:
chief of mission: Ambassador Joseph LIMPRECHT
embassy: Rruga Elbasanit, Labinoti #103, Tirana
mailing address: U. S. Department of State, 9510 Tirana Place, Washington, DC 20521-9510
telephone: [355] (4) 247285
FAX: [355] (4) 232222
Flag description:
red with a black two-headed eagle in the center
Economy Albania Top of Page
Economy - overview:
Poor and backward by European standards, Albania is making the difficult transition to a more modern open-market economy. The government has taken measures to curb violent crime and to revive economic activity and trade. The economy is bolstered by remittances from abroad of $400-$600 million annually, mostly from Greece and Italy. Agriculture, which accounts for 52% of GDP, is held back because of frequent drought and the need to modernize equipment and consolidate small plots of land. Severe energy shortages are forcing small firms out of business, increasing unemployment, scaring off foreign investors, and spurring inflation.
GDP:
purchasing power parity - $13.2 billion (2001 est.)
GDP - real growth rate:
7.3% (2001 est.)
GDP - per capita:
purchasing power parity - $3,800 (2001 est.)
GDP - composition by sector:
agriculture: 52%
industry: 21%
services: 27% (2001 est.)
Population below poverty line:
30% (2001 est.)
Household income or consumption by percentage share:
lowest 10%: NA%
highest 10%: NA%
Inflation rate (consumer prices):
3% (2001 est.)
Labor force:
1.283 million (not including 352,000 emigrant workers and 261,000 domestically unemployed) (2000 est.)
Labor force - by occupation:
agriculture 50%, industry and services 50%
Unemployment rate:
17% officially (2001 est.); may be as high as 30%
Budget:
revenues: $697 million
expenditures: $1.5 billion, including capital expenditures of $368 million (2002 est.)
Industries:
food processing, textiles and clothing; lumber, oil, cement, chemicals, mining, basic metals, hydropower
Industrial production growth rate:
9% (2000 est.)
Electricity - production:
4.738 billion kWh (2000)
Electricity - production by source:
fossil fuel: 3%
hydro: 97%
other: 0% (2000)
nuclear: 0%
Electricity - consumption:
5.378 billion kWh (2000)
Electricity - exports:
100 million kWh (2000)
Electricity - imports:
1.072 billion kWh (2000)
Agriculture - products:
wheat, corn, potatoes, vegetables, fruits, sugar beets, grapes; meat, dairy products
Exports:
$306 million (f.o.b., 2001 est.)
Exports - commodities:
textiles and footwear; asphalt, metals and metallic ores, crude oil; vegetables, fruits, tobacco
Exports - partners:
Italy 70%, Greece 12%, Germany 6%, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia 2%, Austria 1% (2001)
Imports:
$1.1 billion (f.o.b., 2001 est.)
Imports - commodities:
machinery and equipment, foodstuffs, textiles, chemicals
Imports - partners:
Italy 32%, Greece 26%, Turkey 6%, Germany 6%, Bulgaria 2% (2001)
Debt - external:
$1 billion (2000)
Economic aid - recipient:
$315 million (top donors were Italy, EU, Germany) (2000 est.)
Currency:
lek (ALL)
Currency code:
ALL
Exchange rates:
leke per US dollar - 140.16 (November 2001), 143.71 (2000) 137.69 (1999), 150.63 (1998), 148.93 (1997); note - leke is the plural of lek
Fiscal year:
calendar year
Communications Albania Top of Page
Telephones - main lines in use:
120,000 (2001)
Telephones - mobile cellular:
250,000 (2001)
Telephone system:
general assessment: Albania has the poorest telephone service in Europe with fewer than two telephones per 100 inhabitants; it is doubtful that every village has telephone service
domestic: obsolete wire system; no longer provides a telephone for every village; in 1992, following the fall of the Communist government, peasants cut the wire to about 1,000 villages and used it to build fences
international: inadequate; international traffic carried by microwave radio relay from the Tirana exchange to Italy and Greece
Radio broadcast stations:
AM 13, FM 4, shortwave 2 (2001)
Radios:
1 million (2001)
Television broadcast stations:
3 (plus 58 repeaters) (2001)
Televisions:
700,000 (2001)
Internet country code:
.al
Internet Service Providers (ISPs):
10 (2001)
Internet users:
12,000 (2001)
Transportation Albania Top of Page
Railways:
total: 447 km
standard gauge: 447 km 1.435-m gauge (2001 est.)
Highways:
total: 18,000 km
paved: 5,400 km
unpaved: 12,600 km (1998 est.)
Waterways:
43 km
note: includes Albanian sections of Lake Scutari, Lake Ohrid, and Lake Prespa (1990)
Pipelines:
crude oil 196 km; petroleum products 55 km; natural gas 64 km (1996)
Ports and harbors:
Durres, Sarande, Shengjin, Vlore
Merchant marine:
total: 7 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 13,423 GRT/20,837 DWT
ships by type: cargo 7, includes some foreign-owned ships registered here as a flag of convenience: Croatia 1, Honduras 1 (2002 est.)
Airports:
11 (2001)
Airports - with paved runways:
total: 3
2,438 to 3,047 m: 3 (2001)
Airports - with unpaved runways:
total: 8
1,524 to 2,437 m: 1
under 914 m: 4 (2001)
914 to 1,523 m: 2
over 3,047 m: 1
Heliports:
1 (2001)
Military Albania Top of Page
Military branches:
Army, Navy, Air and Air Defense Forces, Interior Ministry Troops, Border Guards
Military manpower - military age:
19 years of age (2002 est.)
Military manpower - availability:
males age 15-49: 888,086 (2002 est.)
Military manpower - fit for military service:
males age 15-49: 727,406 (2002 est.)
Military manpower - reaching military age annually:
males: 35,792 (2002 est.)
Military expenditures - dollar figure:
$56.5 million (FY02)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP:
1.49% (FY02)
Transnational Issues Albania Top of Page
Disputes - international:
the Albanian Government supports protection of the rights of ethnic Albanians outside of its borders in the Kosovo region of Yugoslavia and in the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia while continuing to seek regional cooperation; many Albanians illegally transit neighboring states to emigrate to western Europe
Illicit drugs:
increasingly active transshipment point for Southwest Asian opiates, hashish, and cannabis transiting the Balkan route and - to a far lesser extent - cocaine from South America destined for Western Europe; limited opium and growing cannabis production; ethnic Albanian narcotrafficking organizations active and rapidly expanding in Europe

This page was last updated on 1 January 2002

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World Travel Guide - Albania

Location: Southeastern Europe, bordering the Adriatic Sea and Ionian Sea, between Greece and Serbia and Montenegro
Time: GMT +7
Climate: mild temperate; cool, cloudy, wet winters; hot, clear, dry summers; interior is cooler and wetter
Weather: Albania/Tirana forecast

Population: 3,490,435 (July 2000 est.)
Currency: 1 lek (L) = 100 qintars
Exchange rates and converter

albanianews In 1990 Albania ended 44 years of xenophobic communist rule and established a multiparty democracy. The transition has proven difficult as corrupt governments have tried to deal with severe unemployment, the collapse of a fraudulent nationwide investment scheme, widespread gangsterism, and massive refugee influxes from neighboring Kosovo.
Albania News
People
Population: 3,490,435 (July 2000 est.)
Population growth rate: 0.26% (2000 est.)
Birth rate: 19.47 births/1,000 population (2000 est.)
Death rate: 6.5 deaths/1,000 population (2000 est.)
Sex ratio: total population:0.96 male(s)/female (2000 est.)
Infant mortality rate: 41.33 deaths/1,000 live births (2000 est.)
Total fertility rate: 2.37 children born/woman (2000 est.)
Life expectancy at birth: total population:71.57 years
male :68.75 years
female:74.59 years (2000 est.)
Literacy: definition: age 9 and over can read and write
total population:93% (1997 est.)
male:NA%
female:NA%
Religions: Muslim 70%, Albanian Orthodox 20%, Roman Catholic 10% note: all mosques and churches were closed in 1967 and religious observances prohibited; in November 1990, Albania began allowing private religious practice
Nationality: noun: Albanian(s)
adjective:Albanian
Languages: Albanian (Tosk is the official dialect), Greek
Government
Country name: conventional long form :Republic of Albania
conventional short form:Albania

Data code: AL
Government type: emerging democracy
National capital: Tirana
Independence: 28 November 1912 (from Ottoman Empire)
National holiday: Independence Day, 28 November (1912)
Legal system: has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Suffrage: 18 years of age; universal and compulsory
Judicial branch: Supreme Court, chairman of the Supreme Court is elected by the People's Assembly for a four-year term
Flag description: red with a black two-headed eagle in the center
Economy

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besoj se duhet ti bejme nje peticion qeverise tone dhe te botohet ne shtyp (ne te dy krahet e politikes)besoj se eshte nje gje serioze .shpresoj qe te kemi nje mirekuptim ne kete pike .

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ore djema pa shikoni pak me vemendje keto referenca per Italine ,edhe per gjuhen qe flitet ne Itali etj..








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Italy
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Introduction
Geography
People
Government
Economy
Communications
Transportation
Military
Transnational Issues

Home Reference Maps Appendixes Print-Friendly Page


In general, information available as of 1 January 2002
was used in the preparation of The World Factbook 2002.




This page was last updated on 1 January 2002




Legend: Definition Field Listing Introduction Italy Top of Page
Background:
Italy became a nation-state in 1861 when the city-states of the peninsula, along with Sardinia and Sicily, were united under King Victor EMMANUEL. An era of parliamentary government came to a close in the early 1920s when Benito MUSSOLINI established a Fascist dictatorship. His disastrous alliance with Nazi Germany led to Italy's defeat in World War II. A democratic republic replaced the monarchy in 1946 and economic revival followed. Italy was a charter member of NATO and the European Economic Community (EEC). It has been at the forefront of European economic and political unification, joining the European Monetary Union in 1999. Persistent problems include illegal immigration, the ravages of organized crime, corruption, high unemployment, and the low incomes and technical standards of southern Italy compared with the prosperous north.
Geography Italy Top of Page
Location:
Southern Europe, a peninsula extending into the central Mediterranean Sea, northeast of Tunisia
Geographic coordinates:
42 50 N, 12 50 E
Map references:
Europe
Area:
total: 301,230 sq km
note: includes Sardinia and Sicily
water: 7,210 sq km
land: 294,020 sq km
Area - comparative:
slightly larger than Arizona
Land boundaries:
total: 1,932.2 km
border countries: Austria 430 km, France 488 km, Holy See (Vatican City) 3.2 km, San Marino 39 km, Slovenia 232 km, Switzerland 740 km
Coastline:
7,600 km
Maritime claims:
continental shelf: 200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation
territorial sea: 12 NM
Climate:
predominantly Mediterranean; Alpine in far north; hot, dry in south
Terrain:
mostly rugged and mountainous; some plains, coastal lowlands
Elevation extremes:
lowest point: Mediterranean Sea 0 m
highest point: Mont Blanc (Monte Bianco) de Courmayeur 4,748 m (a secondary peak of Mont Blanc)
Natural resources:
mercury, potash, marble, sulfur, natural gas and crude oil reserves, fish, coal, arable land
Land use:
arable land: 28%
permanent crops: 9%
other: 63% (1998 est.)
Irrigated land:
26,980 sq km (1998 est.)
Natural hazards:
regional risks include landslides, mudflows, avalanches, earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, flooding; land subsidence in Venice
Environment - current issues:
air pollution from industrial emissions such as sulfur dioxide; coastal and inland rivers polluted from industrial and agricultural effluents; acid rain damaging lakes; inadequate industrial waste treatment and disposal facilities
Environment - international agreements:
party to: Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Air Pollution-Sulphur 85, Air Pollution-Sulphur 94, Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds, Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Antarctic-Marine Living Resources, Antarctic Seals, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands, Whaling
signed, but not ratified: Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol
Geography - note:
strategic location dominating central Mediterranean as well as southern sea and air approaches to Western Europe
People Italy Top of Page
Population:
57,715,625 (July 2002 est.)
Age structure:
0-14 years: 14.1% (male 4,198,569; female 3,954,159)
15-64 years: 67.3% (male 19,334,208; female 19,492,048)
65 years and over: 18.6% (male 4,436,073; female 6,300,568) (2002 est.)
Population growth rate:
0.05% (2002 est.)
Birth rate:
8.93 births/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Death rate:
10.13 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Net migration rate:
1.73 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Sex ratio:
at birth: 1.07 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.06 male(s)/female
15-64 years: 0.99 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.7 male(s)/female
total population: 0.94 male(s)/female (2002 est.)
Infant mortality rate:
5.76 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.)
Life expectancy at birth:
total population: 79.25 years
female: 82.63 years (2002 est.)
male: 76.08 years
Total fertility rate:
1.19 children born/woman (2002 est.)
HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate:
0.35% (1999 est.)
HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS:
95,000 (1999 est.)
HIV/AIDS - deaths:
1,000 (1999 est.)
Nationality:
noun: Italian(s)
adjective: Italian
Ethnic groups:
Italian (includes small clusters of German-, French-, and Slovene-Italians in the north and Albanian-Italians and Greek-Italians in the south)
Religions:
predominately Roman Catholic with mature Protestant and Jewish communities and a growing Muslim immigrant community
Languages:
Italian (official), German (parts of Trentino-Alto Adige region are predominantly German speaking), French (small French-speaking minority in Valle d'Aosta region), Slovene (Slovene-speaking minority in the Trieste-Gorizia area)
Literacy:
definition: age 15 and over can read and write
total population: 98% (1998)
male: NA%
female: NA%
Government Italy Top of Page
Country name:
conventional long form: Italian Republic
conventional short form: Italy
local long form: Repubblica Italiana
former: Kingdom of Italy
local short form: Italia
Government type:
republic
Capital:
Rome
Administrative divisions:
20 regions (regioni, singular - regione); Abruzzi, Basilicata, Calabria, Campania, Emilia-Romagna, Friuli-Venezia Giulia, Lazio, Liguria, Lombardia, Marche, Molise, Piemonte, Puglia, Sardegna, Sicilia, Toscana, Trentino-Alto Adige, Umbria, Valle d'Aosta, Veneto
Independence:
17 March 1861 (Kingdom of Italy proclaimed; Italy was not finally unified until 1870)
National holiday:
Republic Day, 2 June (1946)
Constitution:
1 January 1948
Legal system:
based on civil law system; appeals treated as new trials; judicial review under certain conditions in Constitutional Court; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Suffrage:
18 years of age; universal (except in senatorial elections, where minimum age is 25)
Executive branch:
chief of state: President Carlo Azeglio CIAMPI (since 13 May 1999)
elections: president elected by an electoral college consisting of both houses of Parliament and 58 regional representatives for a seven-year term; election last held 13 May 1999 (next to be held NA May 2006); prime minister appointed by the president and confirmed by Parliament
head of government: Prime Minister (referred to in Italy as the president of the Council of Ministers) Silvio BERLUSCONI (since 10 June 2001)
cabinet: Council of Ministers nominated by the prime minister and approved by the president
election results: Carlo Azeglio CIAMPI elected president; percent of electoral college vote - 70%
note: a five-party government coalition includes Forza Italia, National Alliance, Northern League, Democratic Christian Center, United Christian Democrats
Legislative branch:
bicameral Parliament or Parlamento consists of the Senate or Senato della Repubblica (315 seats elected by popular vote of which 232 are directly elected and 83 are elected by regional proportional representation; in addition, there are a small number of senators-for-life including former presidents of the republic; members serve five-year terms) and the Chamber of Deputies or Camera dei Deputati (630 seats; 475 are directly elected, 155 by regional proportional representation; members serve five-year terms)
elections: Senate - last held 13 May 2001 (next to be held NA 2006); Chamber of Deputies - last held 13 May 2001 (next to be held NA 2006)
election results: Senate - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - House of Liberties 177 (Forza Italia 82, National Alliance 46, CCD-CDU 29, Northern League 17, others 3), Olive Tree 128 (Democrats of the Left 62, Daisy Alliance 42, Sunflower Alliance 16, Italian Communist Party 3, independents 5), non-affiliated with either coalition 10, senators for life 9; Chamber of Deputies - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - House of Liberties 367 (Forza Italia 189, National Alliance 96, CCD-CDU 40, Northern League 30, others 12), Olive Tree 248 (Democrats of the Left 138, Daisy Alliance 76, Sunflower Alliance 18, Italian Communist Party 9, independents 7), non-affiliated with either coalition 15
Judicial branch:
Constitutional Court or Corte Costituzionale (composed of 15 judges: one-third appointed by the president, one-third elected by Parliament, one-third elected by the ordinary and administrative Supreme Courts)
Political parties and leaders:
Center-Left Olive Tree Coalition [Francesco RUTELLI] - Democrats of the Left, Daisy Alliance (including Italian Popular Party, Italian Renewal, Union of Democrats for Europe, The Democrats), Sunflower Alliance (including Green Federation, Italian Democratic Socialists), Italian Communist Party; Center-Right Freedom House Coalition [Silvio BERLUSCONI] (formerly House of Liberties and Freedom Alliance) - Forza Italia, National Alliance, The Whiteflower Alliance (includes Christian Democratic Center, United Christian Democrats), Northern League; Christian Democratic Center or CCD [Marco FOLLINI]; Communist Party or PdCI [Oliviero DILIBERTO]; Democrats of the Left or DS [Piero FASSINO]; Forza Italia or FI [Silvio BERLUSCONI]; Green Federation [Alfonso Pecoraro SCANIO]; Italian Communist Party or PdCI [Oliviero DILIBERTO]; Italian Popular Party or PPI [Pierluigi CASTAGNETTI]; Italian Renewal or RI [Lamberto DINI]; Italian Social Democrats or SDI [Enrico BOSELLI]; Socialist Movement-Tricolor Flame or MS-Fiamma [Pino RAUTI]; National Alliance or AN [Gianfranco FINI]; Northern League or NL [Umberto BOSSI]; Southern Tyrols People's Party or SVP (German speakers) [Siegfried BRUGGER]; Sunflower Alliance (includes Green Federation, Italian Social Democrats); The Daisy Alliance (includes Italian Popular Party, Italian Renewal, Union of Democrats for Europe, The Democrats); The Democrats [Arturo PARISI]; The Radicals (formerly Pannella Reformers and Autonomous List) [Marco PANNELLA]; The Whiteflower Alliance (includes Christian Democratic Center, United Christian Democrats); Union of Democrats for Europe or UDEUR [Clemente MASTELLA]; United Christian Democrats or CDU [Rocco BUTTIGLIONE]
Political pressure groups and leaders:
Italian manufacturers and merchants associations (Confindustria, Confcommercio); organized farm groups (Confcoltivatori, Confagricoltura); Roman Catholic Church; three major trade union confederations (Confederazione Generale Italiana del Lavoro or CGIL [Sergio COFFERATI] which is left wing, Confederazione Italiana dei Sindacati Lavoratori or CISL [Savino PEZZOTTA] which is Roman Catholic centrist, and Unione Italiana del Lavoro or UIL [Pietro LARIZZA] which is lay centrist)
International organization participation:
AfDB, AsDB, Australia Group, BIS, BSEC (observer), CCC, CDB, CE, CEI, CERN, EAPC, EBRD, ECE, ECLAC, EIB, EMU, ESA, EU, FAO, G- 7, G- 8, G-10, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IEA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO, ITU, LAIA (observer), MINURSO, MONUC, NAM (guest), NATO, NEA, NSG, OAS (observer), OECD, OPCW, OSCE, PCA, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNIFIL, UNIKOM, UNMEE, UNMIBH, UNMIK, UNMOGIP, UNTSO, UPU, WCL, WEU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO, ZC
Diplomatic representation in the US:
chief of mission: Ambassador Ferdinando SALLEO
consulate(s): Detroit
consulate(s) general: Boston, Chicago, Houston, Miami, New York, Los Angeles, Philadelphia, and San Francisco
FAX: [1] (202) 518-2151
telephone: [1] (202) 612-4400
chancery: 3000 Whitehaven Street NW, Washington, DC 20008
Diplomatic representation from the US:
chief of mission: Ambassador Melvin SEMBLER
embassy: Via Vittori Veneto 119/A, 00187-Rome
mailing address: PSC 59, Box 100, APO AE 09624
telephone: [39] (06) 46741
FAX: [39] (06) 488-2672, 4674-2356
consulate(s) general: Florence, Milan, Naples
Flag description:
three equal vertical bands of green (hoist side), white, and red; similar to the flag of Ireland, which is longer and is green (hoist side), white, and orange; also similar to the flag of the Cote d'Ivoire, which has the colors reversed - orange (hoist side), white, and green
note: inspired by the French flag brought to Italy by Napoleon in 1797
Economy Italy Top of Page
Economy - overview:
Italy has a diversified industrial economy with roughly the same total and per capita output as France and the UK. This capitalistic economy remains divided into a developed industrial north, dominated by private companies, and a less developed agricultural south, with 20% unemployment. Most raw materials needed by industry and more than 75% of energy requirements are imported. Over the past decade, Italy has pursued a tight fiscal policy in order to meet the requirements of the Economic and Monetary Unions and has benefited from lower interest and inflation rates. Italy's economic performance has lagged behind that of its EU partners, and the current government has enacted numerous short-term reforms aimed at improving competitiveness and long-term growth. Rome has moved slowly, however, on implementing needed structural reforms, such as lightening the high tax burden and overhauling Italy's rigid labor market and expensive pension system, because of the current economic slowdown and opposition from labor unions.
GDP:
purchasing power parity - $1.402 trillion (2001 est.)
GDP - real growth rate:
1.8% (2001 est.)
GDP - per capita:
purchasing power parity - $24,300 (2001 est.)
GDP - composition by sector:
agriculture: 2.4%
industry: 30%
services: 67.6% (2001 est.)
Population below poverty line:
NA%
Household income or consumption by percentage share:
lowest 10%: 2.1%
highest 10%: 26.6% (2000)
Distribution of family income - Gini index:
27.3 (1995)
Inflation rate (consumer prices):
2.7% (2001)
Labor force:
23.6 million (2001 est.)
Labor force - by occupation:
services 63%, industry 32%, agriculture 5% (2001)
Unemployment rate:
10% (2001 est.)
Budget:
revenues: $504 billion
expenditures: $517 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA (2001 est.)
Industries:
tourism, machinery, iron and steel, chemicals, food processing, textiles, motor vehicles, clothing, footwear, ceramics
Industrial production growth rate:
-0.4% (2001)
Electricity - production:
257.408 billion kWh (2000)
Electricity - production by source:
fossil fuel: 80.01%
hydro: 17.07%
other: 2.92% (2000)
nuclear: 0%
Electricity - consumption:
283.737 billion kWh (2000)
Electricity - exports:
484 million kWh (2000)
Electricity - imports:
44.831 billion kWh (2000)
Agriculture - products:
fruits, vegetables, grapes, potatoes, sugar beets, soybeans, grain, olives; beef, dairy products; fish
Exports:
$243 billion (f.o.b., 2001 est.)
Exports - commodities:
engineering products, textiles and clothing, production machinery, motor vehicles, transport equipment, chemicals; food, beverages and tobacco; minerals and nonferrous metals
Exports - partners:
EU 54.9% (Germany 15.1%, France 12.6%, UK 6.9%, Spain 6.2%), US 10.4% (2000)
Imports:
$226 billion (f.o.b., 2001 est.)
Imports - commodities:
engineering products, chemicals, transport equipment, energy products, minerals and nonferrous metals, textiles and clothing; food, beverages and tobacco
Imports - partners:
EU 56.3% (Germany 17.5%, France 11.4%, Netherlands 5.9%, UK 5.4%), US 5.3% (2000)
Debt - external:
$NA
Economic aid - donor:
ODA, $1 billion (2002 est.)
Currency:
euro (EUR); Italian lira (ITL)
note: on 1 January 1999, the European Monetary Union introduced the euro as a common currency to be used by financial institutions of member countries; on 1 January 2002, the euro became the sole currency for everyday transactions within the member countries
Currency code:
EUR; ITL
Exchange rates:
euros per US dollar - 1.1324 (January 2002), 1.1175 (2001), 1.0854 (2000), 0.9386 (1999); Italian lire per US dollar - 1,688.7 (January 1999), 1,736.2 (1998), 1,703.1 (1997)
Fiscal year:
calendar year
Communications Italy Top of Page
Telephones - main lines in use:
25 million (1999)
Telephones - mobile cellular:
20.5 million (1999)
Telephone system:
general assessment: modern, well developed, fast; fully automated telephone, telex, and data services
domestic: high-capacity cable and microwave radio relay trunks
international: satellite earth stations - 3 Intelsat (with a total of 5 antennas - 3 for Atlantic Ocean and 2 for Indian Ocean), 1 Inmarsat (Atlantic Ocean region), and NA Eutelsat; 21 submarine cables
Radio broadcast stations:
AM about 100, FM about 4,600, shortwave 9 (1998)
Radios:
50.5 million (1997)
Television broadcast stations:
358 (plus 4,728 repeaters) (1995)
Televisions:
30.3 million (1997)
Internet country code:
.it
Internet Service Providers (ISPs):
93 (Italy and Holy See) (2000)
Internet users:
19.25 million (2001)
Transportation Italy Top of Page
Railways:
total: 19,786 km
standard gauge: 18,761 km 1.435-m gauge (11,251 km electrified)
narrow gauge: 113 km 1.000-m gauge (113 km electrified); 912 km 0.950-m gauge (192 km electrified) (2001)
Highways:
total: 668,669 km
paved: 668,669 km (including 6,460 km of expressways)
unpaved: 0 km (2001)
Waterways:
2,400 km
note: serves various types of commercial traffic, although of limited overall value (2002)
Pipelines:
crude oil 1,703 km; petroleum products 2,148 km; natural gas 19,400 km
Ports and harbors:
Augusta (Sicily), Bagnoli, Bari, Brindisi, Gela, Genoa, La Spezia, Livorno, Milazzo, Naples, Porto Foxi, Porto Torres (Sardinia), Salerno, Savona, Taranto, Trieste, Venice (2001)
Merchant marine:
total: 467 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 8,499,248 GRT/10,383,988 DWT
note: includes some foreign-owned ships registered here as a flag of convenience: Croatia 1, Denmark 4, France 1, Greece 3, Man, Isle of 1, Monaco 7, Netherlands 6, Norway 1, Panama 2, Spain 1, Switzerland 1, Taiwan 15, Turkey 1, United Kingdom 6, United States 12 (2002 est.)
ships by type: bulk 45, cargo 41, chemical tanker 91, combination ore/oil 4, container 24, liquefied gas 37, multi-functional large-load carrier 1, passenger 15, petroleum tanker 80, refrigerated cargo 4, roll on/roll off 70, short-sea passenger 27, specialized tanker 12, vehicle carrier 16
Airports:
135 (2001)
Airports - with paved runways:
total: 97
over 3,047 m: 5
2,438 to 3,047 m: 33
914 to 1,523 m: 30
under 914 m: 12 (2001)
1,524 to 2,437 m: 17
Airports - with unpaved runways:
total: 38
1,524 to 2,437 m: 2
914 to 1,523 m: 18
under 914 m: 18 (2001)
Heliports:
4 (2001)
Military Italy Top of Page
Military branches:
Army, Navy, Air Force, Carabinieri
Military manpower - military age:
18 years of age (2002 est.)
Military manpower - availability:
males age 15-49: 14,184,307 (2002 est.)
Military manpower - fit for military service:
males age 15-49: 12,157,753 (2002 est.)
Military manpower - reaching military age annually:
males: 304,369 (2002 est.)
Military expenditures - dollar figure:
$20.2 billion (2002)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP:
1.64% (2002)
Transnational Issues Italy Top of Page
Disputes - international:
Croatia and Italy are still trying to resolve bilateral property and ethnic minority rights dating from World War II
Illicit drugs:
important gateway for and consumer of Latin American cocaine and Southwest Asian heroin entering the European market

This page was last updated on 1 January 2002

[Ujku'80]

lexoni pak pjesen ku flitet per gjuhen qe flitet ne itali


"Languages:
Italian (official), German (parts of Trentino-Alto Adige region are predominantly German speaking), French (small French-speaking minority in Valle d'Aosta region), Slovene (Slovene-speaking minority in the Trieste-Gorizia area) "




Mos kjo do te thote qe ne Itali gjuhe zyrtare eshte edhe gjermanishtja, frengjishtja apo gjuha sllovene???????????
prandaj edhe tek shkrimet per shqiperine nuk thuhet qe greqishtja eshte gjuhe zyrtare po mund te kete ndonje fshat qe flet edhe greqishten psh "dhermiu" qe megjithese ne shkolle bejne gjuhe shqipe ndermjet tyre flasin edhe greqisht, prandaj mos u beni merak se eshte alarm i rreme....

[Enri]

Një flamur grek valëvitet në qendër të Gjirokastrës. Fare pranë sheshit ku vite më parë qëndronte busti i Enver Hoxhës, është ndërtuar një lokal i këndshëm me emrin “Fantazia”. Ndërsa pronarët e tij e kanë parë të arsyeshme të ngrejnë, krahas flamurit shqiptar, edhe atë grek, në krah të obeliskut të Gjirokastrës. Një tjetër flamuri grek “i përulen “ pak metra më tej qytetarët gjirokastritë. Në konsullatën greke zënë radhën çdo ditë banorë të Gjirokastrës, Tepelenës, Përmetit apo Sarandës, të cilët presin të marrin çertifikata apo viza . Banorët e këtyre zonave kanë lehtësi në marrjen e çertifikatave, pasi cilësohen si vorio-epiriotë. Ndërsa kur ngjit kalldrëmet e Gjirokastrës, të zënë veshët dialogje në gjuhën greke, të përziera hera –herës me fjalë shqiptare. Por çudia nuk përfundon këtu. Në Qafën e Pazarit, aty ku ndodhet Konsullata Greke qytetarët e Gjirokastrës habiten me personat që nuk dinë të flasin greqisht...

Shekulli, 7 Shkurt 2003

[Enri]

Eurodeputetët grekë kanë kërkuar gjithnjë pranë Parlamentit Evropian, pavarësinë politike të të ashtuquajturit Vorio-Epir. Kjo ndodhi edhe pak kohë më parë, kur një deputet, përfaqësues i së djathtës greke, që njihet si ekstremiste, i kërkoi Parlamentit Evropian që të respektohet marrëveshja e Korfuzit të vitit 1914 nënshkruar mes fuqive të mëdha dhe Shqipërisë, ku i jepet e drejta e shpalljes së pavarësisë politike të Shqipërisë së Jugut që grekët vazhdojnë ta quajnë Vorio-Epir. Arsyeja e firmosjes nga pala shqiptare të kësaj marrëveshje ishte thjesht se vendin atëherë e drejtonte Princ Vidi, i përzgjedhuri i fuqive të mëdha. Parlamenti Evropian është në dijeni të kësaj marrëveshjeje dhe gjithnjë i ka bërë të ditur palës greke se është në dijeni të një marrëveshjeje të tillë, por është pozicionuar gjithnjë kundër kësaj marrëveshjeje, duke e argumentuar këtë qëndrim me faktin se në Shqipëri, pavarësisht se ka probleme, të drejtat e njeriut, e veçanërisht të drejtat e minoritarëve grekë respektohen.

Shekulli 7 shkurt 2003

[Enri]

Në fshatin Adiskariu të Kretës, një grup banorësh sulmojnë emigrantët shqiptarë. Arsyeja, vjedhja e një celulari

Grekët rrahin barbarisht emigrantët shqiptarë

Një i ri lidhet pas një trungu në mes të fshatit dhe rrihet barbarisht, qëllohet dhe i ati që vjen për ta shpëtuar

Marko Caka/ Athinë
Dy emigrantë shqiptarë janë rrahur barbarisht nga një grup fshatarësh grekë në Adiskariu të Kretës. Kjo ngjarje e turpshme ka ndodhur për shkak të vjedhjes së një celulari. Banorët e fshatit Adiskariu kanë mundur të kapin një prej shqiptarëve të dyshuar dhe e kanë keqtrajtuar atë në mënyrë çnjerëzore, duke e lidhur në trungun e një peme dhe duke e qëlluar nga të gjitha anët. Kështu emigranti shqiptar, pa iu nënshtruar asnjë prove nëse ka qenë fajtor apo jo, ka marrë një dënim të turpshëm në mes të fshatit. U desh ndërhyrja e priftit të fshatit, Dhimiter Cavolakis, që i riu shqiptar të çlirohej nga torturat e grekëve të egërsuar. Cavolakis e ka cilësuar veprimin e bashkëfshatarëve të tij të papranueshëm e të turpshëm. I tmerruar nga ngjarja, Papa Dhimitri rrëfen: “Të riun shqiptar e kishin lidhur në trungun e një peme dhe e godisnin pa mëshirë. Viktima kishte një fizik të dobët dhe fytyra e tij ishte mbuluar e tëra me gjak. Në qoftë se nuk do të isha prezent në këtë ngjarje makabre dhe nuk do të ndërhyja, nuk e di se si do të përfundonte ngjarja. Në lidhje me këtë veprim kryetari i Bashkisë së Kretës, Panajotis Sfakianakis pohoi: “Më vjen turp dhe e dënoj aktin barbar të bashkëkombësve të mi”. Ndërkohë dega greke e organizatës më prestigjioze për mbrojtjen e të drejtave të njeriut, “Amnesty International” ka ngritur zërin ndaj kësaj ngjarje, duke e konsideruar një ngjarje të turpshme.
Ngjarja
Gjithçka ka nisur me ankesat e përsëritura të një shitëse minimarketi në këtë fshat, e cila thoshte se dyqani i saj vidhej shpesh nga shqiptarët. Në fakt shqiptarët ishin klientë të rregullt të këtij minimarketi dhe përveç produkteve ushqimore blinin edhe karta mbushëse për celularët e tyre. Pavarësisht nga kjo, te banorët e fshatit, tashmë ekzistonte një antipati e madhe për shqiptarët, madje banorët ankoheshin edhe për faktin se emigrantët grumbulloheshin rreth sheshit të fshatit. Gjithë ky mllef dhe urrejtje ndaj shqiptarëve do të shpërthente të dielën në mbrëmje, atëherë kur taksisti Nikolidhakis njoftoi se në makinën e tij ishte vjedhur celulari dhe menjëherë ai hodhi dyshime se ky akt ishte kryer nga shqiptarët. Nuk kalojnë as 10 minuta, kur një grup fshatarësh sulen drejt shqiptarëve për të nxjerrë gjithë inatet që kishin me ta. Ndërkohë shqiptarët emigrantë që qëndronin në grumbulluar në një vend, të tmerruar nga vrulli i banorëve largohen me shpejtësi, por njëri prej tyre nuk arriti të shpëtonte dhe përfundoi në duart e fshatarëve. I lidhur në mes të sheshit, ai goditet dhe torturohet në mënyrë çnjerëzore. Ndërkohë atij nuk iu gjet celulari i vjedhur, për të cilin po merrte dhe ndëshkimin. Ky ishte thjesht shkaku për t’u hakmarrë ndaj një shqiptari të pambrojtur. Të njëjtin fat pësoi edhe i ati i të riut që po torturohej. 52- vjeçari u nis për të shpëtuar djalin e tij, por ai gjithashtu u godit nga turma. U desh ndërhyrja e priftit të fshatit, që akti barbar të mos merrte përmasa tragjike. Megjithatë kjo ngjarje mund të konsiderohet si një njollë në historinë e këtij fshati.
Të gjakosurit shqiptarë u dërguan me urgjencë në qendrën shëndetësore dhe iu dha ndihma e parë nga personeli i spitalit. Mjekja e spitalit Bulukaki, u shpreh: “20-vjeçari shqiptar erdhi me thyerje në anën e majtë të mesit si dhe me goditje të shumta në trup”. Më e çuditshmja është se në dosjet e policisë vendore nuk rezulton asnjë procesverbal mbi këtë ngjarje, ndërkohë që dihet se dërgimi i të plagosurve për në spitalin më të afërt u bë pikërisht nga policët rajonalë. Sipas Drejtorisë së Përgjithshme të Policisë së Iraklios të Kretës, kjo ngjarje nuk mund të zyrtarizohet për arsye se nuk është bërë denoncim nga ana e shqiptarëve. Gjithashtu sipas policisë, “për të kryer ndjekje penale në raste të tilla, duhet që viktima të ketë plagë me rrezik në dëmtimin trupor, dhe jo thjesht dëmtim trupor”. Pra policisë vendore greke, nuk i kanë mjaftuar denoncimet dhe deklaratat dënuese të priftit dhe të kryetarit të bashkisë. Ata kanë vendosur ta anashkalojnë këtë ngjarje, pasi viktima janë emigrantët shqiptarë. Kjo është edhe një nga arsyet e mosparaqitjes së shqiptarëve në rajonin e policisë vendore, pra frika se shpeshherë organet ligjore mbajnë anën e vendasve. Eshtë për t’u theksuar se që nga ngjarja e të dielës, në fshat mbizotëron një atmosferë anormale. Gjysma e banorëve e dënojnë aktin barbar të bashkëfshatarëve të tyre, ndërsa gjysma tjetër e cilësojnë si një akt “heroik”. Ndërkohë, sipas fshatarëve marrëdhëniet ndërmjet punëdhënësve vendas dhe 30 shqiptarëve, që punojnë në sera dhe në punët e tjera të bujqesisë, kohët e fundit kanë qenë të tensionuara. Dhe kjo, sepse shqiptarët emigrantë kërkojnë rritjen e pagës ditore në 20 euro me ushqim dhe 25 euro pa ushqim. Sipas ankesave të shqiptarëve, edhe incidenti i mësipërm është një hakmarrje mbi kërkesat që parashtrojnë emigrantët. Në lidhje me këtë, pas ngjarjes, kryetari Sfakianaki sqaron: “Nuk hyj në hollësira, si dhe përse nisi episodi. Jam njoftuar që më përpara se ndërmjet shqiptarëve dhe punëdhënësve vendas ka një konflikt për mosmarrëveshje të tjera”.
Reagimi i “Amnesty International”
I vetmi organ që reagoi mbi ngjarjen e rëndë është “Amnesty International”. Ky grup po mbledh fakte dhe të dhëna mbi shkaqet që çuan në sulmin e vendasve ndaj shqiptarëve të pambrojtur. Kryetari i “Amnesty International” për Iraklion, Leonidha Dhranakis thotë: “Përveç përpjekjeve këmbëngulëse për gërshetimin e denoncimeve hasëm në një indiferentizëm të organeve vendore dhe në papërgjegjshmërinë e policisë vendore, e cila e ka mbyllur çështjen për mungesë provash”. Ndërkohë “Amnesty” i ka dërguar letër sekretarisë së përgjithshme të Ministrisë së Rendit Publik të Greqisë për dërgimin e një ekipi special për hetimin e çështjes si dhe ndëshkimin e autorëve përgjegjës të këtij akti barbar.




Copyright 2002 Shekulli